Chapter IPRELIMINARY SECTIONS
1. Short title, extent and commencement
This Act may be called the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972. [(2) It extends to the whole of India ***.]
It shall come into force in a State or Union territory to which it extends*** on such date as the Central Government may, by notification, appoint, and different dates may be appointed for different provisions of this Act or for different States or Union territories.
Amendment notes (3)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 4, ibid., for sub-section (2) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 31-10-2019 . The words "except the State of Jammu and Kashmir" omitted by Act 34 of 2019, s. 95 and the Fifth Schedule (w.e.f. 31-10-2019).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . The words ",or may become extended in future," omitted by s. 4, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
2. Definitions
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,-- [(1) "animal" includes amphibians, birds, mammals and reptiles and their young, and also includes, in the cases of birds and reptiles, their eggs;]
"animal article" means an article made from any captive animal or wild animal, other than vermin, and includes an article or object in which the whole or any part of such animal [has been used, and ivory imported into India and an article made therefrom]; * * * * [(4) "Board" means a State Board for Wild Life constituted under sub-section (1) of section 6;]
"captive animal" means any animal, specified in Schedule I or Schedule II which is captured or kept or bred in captivity; * * * *
“Chief Wild Life Warden’ means the person appointed as such under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 4; [(7A) "circus" means an establishment, whether stationary or mobile, where animals are kept or used wholly or mainly for the purpose of performing tricks or manoeuvres;] * * * * [(9) "Collector" means the chief officer in charge of the revenue administration of a district or any other officer not below the rank of a Deputy Collector as may be appointed by the State Government under section 18B in this behalf;]
"commencement of this Act", in relation to--
a State, means commencement of this Act in that State,
any provision of this Act, means the commencement of that provision In the concerned State; [(11) "dealer" in relation to any captive animal, animal article, trophy, uncured trophy, meat or specified plant, means a person, who carries on the business of buying or selling any such animal or article, and includes a person who undertakes business in any single transaction;]
"Director" means the person appointed as Director of Wild Life Preservation under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 3;
"Forest officer" means the Forest officer appointed under clause (2) of section 2 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927) or under any other Act for the time being in force in a State;
"forest produce" shall have the same meaning as in sub-clause (b) of clause (4) of section 2 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927);ic * * * *
"Government property" means any property referred to in section 39 [or section 17H];
"habitat" includes land, water or vegetation which is the natural home of any wild animal [or specified plant];
"hunting", with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, includes,--
killing or poisoning of any wild animal or captive animal and every attempt to do so;
capturing, coursing, snaring, trapping, driving or baiting any wild or captive animal and every attempt to do so;
injuring or destroying or taking any part of the body of any such animal or, in the case of wild birds or reptiles, damaging the eggs of such birds or reptiles, or disturbing the eggs or nests of such birds or reptiles; [(16A) "invasive alien species" means a species of animal or plant which is not native to India and whose introduction or spread may threaten or adversely impact wild life or its habitat;]
"land" includes canals, creeks and other water channels, reservoirs, rivers, streams and lakes, whether artificial or natural, [marshes and wetlands and also includes boulders and rocks];
"licence" means a licence granted under this Act;
"livestock" means farm animals and includes buffaloes, bulls, bullocks, camels, cows, donkeys, goats, sheep, horses, mules, yaks, pigs, ducks, geese, poultry and their young but does not include any animal specified in Schedules I, II and IV;
“manufacturer” means a person who manufactures articles from any animal or plant specified in [Schedules I, II and III], as the case may be;
"meat" includes blood, bones, sinew, eggs, shell or carapace, fat and flesh with or without skin, whether raw or cooked, of any wild animal or captive animal, other than a vermin;
"National Board" means the National Board for Wild Life constituted under section 5A;
"National Park" means an area declared, whether under section 35 or section 38, or deemed, under sub-section (3) of section 66, to be declared, as a National Park;
"notification" means a notification published in the Official Gazette; (23) "permit" means a permit granted under this Act or any rule made thereunder; [(24) "person" shall include any firm or company or any authority or association or body of individuals whether incorporated or not;] [(24A) "protected area" means a National Park, a sanctuary, a conservation reserve or a community reserve notified under sections 18, 35, 36A and 36C of the Act;]
"prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
"recognised zoo" means a zoo recognised under section 38H; (25B) "reserve forest" means the forest declared to be reserved by the State Government under section 20 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 (16 of 1927), or declared as such under any other State Act;
"sanctuary" means an area declared as a sanctuary by notification under the provisions of Chapter IV of this Act and shall also include a deemed sanctuary under sub-section (4) of section 66; [(26A) "Schedule" means a Schedule appended to this Act;] [(27) "specified plant" means any plant specified in [Schedule III];] * * * *
"State Government", in relation to a Union territory, means the Administrator of that Union territory appointed by the President under article 239 of the Constitution; [(30) "taxidermy", with its grammatical variations and cognate expressions, means the curing, preparation or preservation or mounting of trophies;]
"territorial waters" shall have the same meaning as in section 3 of the Territorial Waters, Continental Shelf, Exclusive Economic Zone and other Maritime Zones Act, 1976 (80 of 1976);
"trophy" means the whole or any part of any captive animal or wild animal, other than vermin, which has been kept or preserved by any means, whether artificial or natural, and includes--
rugs, skins and specimens of such animal mounted in whole or in part through a process of taxidermy, and [(b) antler, bone, carapace, shell, horn, rhinoceros horn, hair, feather, nail, tooth, tusk, musk, eggs, nests and honeycomb;]
"uncured trophy" means the whole or any part of any captive animal or wild animal, other than vermin, which has not undergone a process of taxidermy, and includes a [freshly killed wild animal, ambergris, musk and other animal products];
"vehicle" means any conveyance used for movement on land, water or air and includes buffalo, bull, bullock, camel, donkey, elephant, horse and mule; [(34) "vermin" means any wild animal notified under section 62;] (35) "weapon" includes ammunition, bows and arrows, explosives, firearms, hooks’ knives, nets poison, snares and traps and any instrument or apparatus capable of anaesthetizing, decoying, destroying, injuring or killing an animal; [(36) "wild animal" means any animal specified in [Schedule I or Schedule II] and found wild in nature;] [(37) "wild life" includes any animal, aquatic or land vegetation which forms part of any habitat;]
"Wild Life Warden" means the person appointed as such under clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 4; [(39) "zoo" means an establishment, whether stationary or mobile, where captive animals are kept for exhibiting to the public or ex-situ conservation and includes a circus and off-exhibit facilities such as rescue centres and conservation breeding centres, but does not include an establishment of a licensed dealer in captive animals.]
Amendment notes (39)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (1) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5, for "has been used" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Clause (3) omitted by s. 5, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (4) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for "Schedule I, Schedule II, Schedule III or Schedule IV" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Clause (6) omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 5, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Clause (8) omitted by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s. 3, ibid., for clause (9) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subject to verification and confirmation by the administrative ministry.
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (11) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s. 3, ibid., for clause (12A) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Clause (13) omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 5, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for sub-clauses (a) and (b) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5, for "and also includes boulders and rocks" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (18A) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for "Schedules I to V" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s.3, for clauses (19) and (20) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for "Schedules I to V and VI" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for clause (24) (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clauses (25B) and (26) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5, for clause (27) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3 for "Schedule VI" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Clause (28) omitted by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s. 3, ibid., for clause (30) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for sub-clause (b) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5, for "freshly-killed wild animals" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3 for clause (34) (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (36) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for Schedules I to IV (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 3, for clause (37) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 3, for clause (39) (w.e.f. 1-4-2023), earlier ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 5 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
Chapter IIAUTHORITIES TO BE APPOINTED OR CONSTITUTES UNDER THE ACT
3. Appointment of Director and other officers
The Central Government may, for the purposes of this Act, appoint,--
A Director of Wild Life Preservation; * * * * *
such other officers and employees as may be necessary.
In the performance of his duties and exercise of his powers by or under this Act, the Director shall be subject to such general or special directions, as the Central Government may, from time to time, give. [(3) The officers and other employees appointed under this section shall be required to assist the Director.]
Amendment notes (2)
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Clause (b) omitted by s. 4, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s. 4, ibid., for sub-section (3) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
4. Appointment of Life Warden and other officers
The State Government May, for the purpose of this Act, appoint,--
a Chief Wild Life Warden;
Wild Life Wardens; *** [(bb) Honorary Wild Life Wardens;]
such other officers and employees as may be necessary.
In the performance of his duties and exercise of his powers by or under this Act, the Chief Wild Life Warden shall be subject to such general or special directions, as the State Government may from time to time, give.
[The Wild Life Warden, the Honorary Wild Life Warden] and other officers and employees appointed under this section shall be subordinate to the Chief Wild Life Warden.
Amendment notes (3)
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . The word "and" omitted by 44 of 1991, s. 6 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 5, for clause (bb) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 6, for "The Wild Life Warden" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
5. Power to delegate
The Director may, with the previous approval of the Central Government, by order in writing, delegate all or any of his powers and duties under this Act to any officer subordinate to him subject to such conditions, if any, as may be specified in the order.
The Chief Wild Life Warden may, with the previous approval of the State Government, by order in writing, delegate all or any of his powers and duties under this Act, except those under clause (a) of sub-section (1) of section 11, to any officer subordinate to him subject to such conditions, if any, as may be specified in the order.
Subject to any general or special direction given or condition imposed by the Director or the Chief Wild Life Warden, any person, authorised by the Director or the Chief Wild Life Warden to exercise any powers, may exercise those powers in the same manner and to the same effect as if they had been conferred on that person directly by this Act and not by way of delegation.
5A. Constitution of the National Board for Wild Life
5A. Constitution of the National Board for Wild Life.-- ( (1) The Central Government shall, within three months from the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003), constitute the National Board for Wild Lifeconsisting of the following members, namely:--
the Prime Minister as Chairperson;
the Minister in-charge of Forests and Wild Life as Vice-Chairperson;
three members of Parliament of whom two shall be from the House of the People and one from the Council of States; [(d) Member, NITI Aayog in-charge of Environment, Forest and Climate Change;]
five persons to represent non-governmental organizations to be nominated by the Central Government;
ten persons to be nominated by the Central Government from amongst eminent conservationists, ecologists and environmentalists;
the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Ministry or Department of the Central Government dealing with Forests and Wild Life;
the Chief of the Army Staff;
the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Ministry of Defence;
the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting;
the Secretary to the Government of India in-charge of the Department of Expenditure, Ministry of Finance;
the Secretary to the Government of India, Ministry of Tribal Welfare;
the Director-General of Forests in the Ministry or Department of the Central Government dealing with Forests and Wild Life;
the Director-General of Tourism, Government of India;
the Director-General, Indian Council for Forestry Research and Education, Dehradun;
the Director, Wild Life Institute of India, Dehradun;
the Director, Zoological Survey of India;
the Director, Botanical Survey of India;
the Director, Indian Veterinary Research Institute;
the Member-Secretary, Central Zoo Authority;
the Director, National Institute of Oceanography;
one representative each from ten States and Union territories by rotation, to be nominated by the Central Government;
the Director of Wild Life Preservation who shall be the Member-Secretary of the National Board.
The term of office of the members other than those who are members ex officio, the manner of filling vacancies referred to in clauses (e), (f) and (v) of sub-section (1), and the procedure to be followed in the discharge of their functions by the members of the National Board shall be such, as may be prescribed.
The members (except members ex officio) shall be entitled to receive such allowances in respect of expenses incurred in the performance of their duties as may be prescribed.
Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the office of a member of the National Board shall not be deemed to be an office of profit.
Amendment notes (2)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 4, for clause (d) (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
5B. Standing Committee of the National Board
5B. Standing Committee of the National Board.-- (1) The National Board may, in its discretion, constitute a Standing Committee for the purpose of exercising such powers and performing such duties as may be delegated to the Committee by the National Board.
The Standing Committee shall consist of the Vice-Chairperson, the Member-Secretary, and not more than ten members to be nominated by the Vice-Chairperson from amongst the members of the National Board.
The National Board may constitute committees, sub-committees or study groups, as may be necessary, from time to time in proper discharge of the functions assigned to it.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
5C. Functions of the National Board
5C. Functions of the National Board.-- (1) It shall be the duty of the National Board to promote the conservation and development of wild life and forests by such measures as it thinks fit.
Without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing provision, the measures referred to therein may provide for--
framing policies and advising the Central Government and the State Governments on the ways and means of promoting wild life conservation and effectively controlling poaching and illegal trade of wild life and its products;
making recommendations on the setting up of and management of national parks, sanctuaries and other protected areas and on matters relating to restriction of activities in those areas;
carrying out or causing to be carried but impact assessment of various projects and activities on wild life or its habitat;
reviewing from time to time, the progress in the field of wild life conservation in the country and suggesting measures for improvement thereto; and
preparing and publishing a status report at least once in two years on wild life in the country.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 6 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
6. Constitution of State Board for Wild Life
6. Constitution of State Board for Wild Life.-- (1) The State Government shall, within a period of six months from the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003) constitute a State Board for Wild Life consisting of the following members, namely:--
the Chief Minister of the State and in case of the Union territory, either Chief Minister or Administrator, as the case may be - Chairperson;
the Minister in-charge of Forests and Wild Life - Vice-Chairperson;
three members of the State Legislature or in the case of a Union territory with Legislature, two members of the Legislative Assembly of that Union territory;
three persons to represent non-governmental organizations dealing with wild life to be nominated by the State Government;
ten persons to be nominated by the State Government from amongst eminent conservationists, ecologists and environmentalists including at least two representatives of the Scheduled Tribes;
the Secretary to the State Government or the Government of the Union territory, as the case may be, in-charge of Forests and Wild Life;
the Officer in-charge of the State Forest Department;
the Secretary to the State Government, Department of Tribal Welfare;
the Managing Director, State Tourism Development Corporation;
an officer of the State Police Department not below the rank of Inspector-General;
a representative of the Armed Forces not below the rank of a Brigadier to be nominated by the Central Government;.
the Director, Department of Animal Husbandry of the State;
the Director, Department of Fisheries of the State;
an officer to be nominated by the Director, Wild Life Preservation;
a representative of the Wild Life Institute of India, Dehradun;
a representative of the Botanical Survey of India;
a representative of the Zoological Survey of India;
the Chief Wild Life Warden, who shall be the Member-Secretary.
The term of office of the members other than those who are members ex officio and the manner of filling vacancies referred to in clauses (d) and (e) of sub-section (1) and procedure to be followed shall be such, as may be prescribed.
The member (except members ex officio) shall be entitled to receive such allowances in respect of expenses incurred in the performance of their duties as may be prescribed.
Amendment notes (1)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 7, for section 6 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003)..
6A. Standing Committee of Board
6A. Standing Committee of Board.--(1) The Board may constitute a Standing Committee for the purpose of exercising such powers and performing such duties as may be delegated to it by the Board.
The Standing Committee shall consist of the Vice-Chairperson, the Member-Secretary, and not more than ten members, to be nominated by the Vice-Chairperson, from amongst the members of the Board.
The Board or its Standing Committee referred to in sub-section (1) may, constitute committees, sub-committees or study groups, as may be necessary, from time-to-time, for proper discharge of the functions assigned to it.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 5 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
7. Procedure to be followed by the Board
The Board shall meet at least twice a year at such place as the State Government may direct.
The Board shall regulate its own procedure (including the quorum)
No act or proceeding of the Board shall be invalid merely by reason of the existence of any vacancy therein or any defect in the constitution thereof or any irregularity in the procedure of the Board not affecting the merits of the case.
8. Duties of State Board for Wild Life
Duties of [State Board for Wild Life]-- It shall be the duty of [State Board for Wild Life] to advise the State Government,-- [(a) in the selection and management of areas to be declared as protected areas;] [(b) in formulation of the policy for protection and conservation of the wild life and specified plants;]
in any matter relating to the amendment of any Schedule; *** [(cc) in relation to the measures to be taken for harmonising the needs of the tribals and other dwellers of the forest with the protection and conservation of wild life; and]
in any other matter connected with the protection of wild life, which may bereferred to it by the State Government.
Amendment notes (5)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 8, for "the Wild Life Advisory Board" (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s. 8, ibid., for clause (a) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 8, for clause (b) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . The word "and" omitted by s. 8, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 8, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
Chapter IIIHUNTING OF WILD ANIMALS
9. Prohibition of hunting
[9. Prohibition of hunting.---No person shall hunt any wild animal specified in [Schedules I and II] except as provided under section 11 and section 12.]
Amendment notes (2)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for section 9 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 6, for "Schedules I, II, III and IV" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
10. Omitted
[10. Maintenance of records of wild animals killed or captured.]---Omitted by the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 1991 (44 of 1991), s. 10 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
11. Hunting of wild animals to be permitted in certain cases
Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force and subject to the provisions of Chapter IV,--
the Chief Wild Life Warden may, if he is satisfied that any wild animal specified in Schedule I has become dangerous to human life or is so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery, by Order in writing and stating the reasons therefor, permit any person to hunt such animal or cause such animal to be hunted;
Provided that no wild animal shall be ordered to be killed unless the Chief Wild Life Warden is satisfied that such animal cannot be captured, tranquilised or translocated:
Provided further that no such captured animal shall be kept in captivity unless the Chief Wild Life Warden is satisfied that such animal cannot be rehabilitated in the wild and the reasons for the same are recorded in writing.
Explanation.-- For the purposes of clause (a), the process of capture or translocation, as the case may be, of such animal shall be made in such manner as to cause minimum trauma to the said animal
the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may, if he is satisfied that any wild animal specified in Schedule II, ***, has become dangerous to human life or to property (including standing crops on any land) or is so disabled or diseased as to be beyond recovery, by order in writing and stating the reasons therefor, permit any person to hunt [such animal or group of animals in a specified area or cause such animal or group of animals in that specified area to be hunted].
The killing or wounding in good faith of any wild animal in defence of oneself or of any other person shall not be an offence:
Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall exonerate any person who, when such defence becomes necessary, was committing any act in contravention of any provision of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder.
Amy wild animal killed or wounded in defence of any person shall be Government property.
Amendment notes (3)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 9 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . The words and figures "Schedule III, or Schedule IV" omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 7 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s.9, ibid., for "such animal or cause such animal to be hunted" (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
12. Grant of permit for special purposes
Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in this Act, it shall be lawful for the Chief Wild Life Warden, to grant***a permit, by an order in writing stating the reasons therefor, to any person, on payment of such fee as may be prescribed, which shall entitle the holder of such permit to hunt subject to such conditions as may be specified therein, any wild animal specified in such permit, for the purpose of,--
education;
scientific research;
scientific management.
Explanation.-- For the purposes of clause (bb), the expression, "scientific management" means--
translocation of any wild animals to an alternative suitable habitat; or
population management of wildlife, without killing or poisoning or destroying any wild animals;
collection of specimens--
for recognised zoos subject to the permission under section 38-I; or
for museums and similar institutions;
derivation, collection or preparation of snake-venom for the manufacture of life-saving drugs:
Provided that no such permit shall be granted--
in respect of any wild animal specified in Schedule I, except with the previous permission of the Central Government, and
in respect of any other wild animal, except with the previous permission of the State Government;
derivation, collection or preparation of snake-venom for the manufacture of life-saving drugs:
Amendment notes (4)
- omitted w.e.f. 21-5-1982 . The words ", with the previous permission of the State Government" omitted by Act 23 of 1982, s. 2 (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).
- Subs w.e.f. 21-5-1982 . Subs. by s. 2, ibid., for clause (b) (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 11, for clause (c) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 21-5-1982 . Ins. by Act 23 of 1982, s. 2 (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).
13. Omitted
[Suspension or cancellation of licence].---Omitted by the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 1991(44 of 1991), s. 12(w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
14. Omitted
[Appeals].—Omitted by, s. 12, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
15. Omitted
[Hunting of young and female of wild animals].--Omitted by, s. 12, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991)
16. Omitted
[Declaration of closed time].---Omitted by, s. 12, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
17. Omitted
.[Restrictions on hunting].--- Omitted by, s. 12, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
17A. Prohibition of picking, uprooting, etc. of specified plant
17A. Prohibition of picking, uprooting, etc. of specified plant.--Save as otherwise provided in this Chapter, no person shall--
wilfully pick, uproot, damage, destroy, acquire or collect any specified plant from any forest land and any area specified, by notification, by the Central Government;
posses, sell, offer for sale, or transfer by way of gift or otherwise, or transport any specified plant, whether alive or dead, or part or derivative thereof:
Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent a member of a scheduled tribe, subject to the provisions of Chapter IV, from picking, collecting or possessing in the district he resides any specified plant or part or derivative thereof for his bona fide personal use.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 20-4-1995 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 13 (w.e.f. 20-4-1995).
17B. Grants of permit for special purposes
17B. Grants of permit for special purposes.-- The Chief Wild Life Warden may, with the previous permission of the State Government, grant to any person a permit to pick, uproot, acquire or collect from a forest land or the area specified under section 17A or transport, subject to such conditions as may be specified therein, any specified plant for the purpose of--
education;
scientific research;
collection, preservation and display in a herbarium of any scientific institution; or
propagation by a person or an institution approved by the Central Government in this regard.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 20-4-1995 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 13 (w.e.f. 20-4-1995).
17C. Cultivation of specified plants without licence prohibited
17C.Cultivation of specified plants without licence prohibited.-- (1) No person shall cultivate a specified plant except under and in accordance with a licence granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf:
Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent a person, who immediately before the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991 (44 of 1991), was cultivating a specified plant from carrying on such cultivation for a period of six months from such commencement or where he has made an application within that period for the grant of a licence to him, until the licence is granted to him or he is informed in writing that a licence cannot be granted to him.
Every licence granted under this section shall specify the area in which and the conditions, if any, subject to which the licensee shall cultivate a specified plant.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 20-4-1995 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 13 (w.e.f. 20-4-1995).
17D. Dealing in specified plants without licence prohibited
17D. Dealing in specified plants without licence prohibited.-- (1) No person shall, except under and in accordance with a licence granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf, commence or carry on business or occupation as a dealer in a specified plant or part or derivate thereof:
Provided that nothing in this section shall prevent a person, who, immediately before the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991 (44 of 1991), was carrying on such business or occupation, from carrying on such business or occupation for a period of sixty days from such commencement, or where he has made an application within that period for the grant of a licence to him, until the licence is granted to him or he is informed in writing that a licence cannot be granted to him.
Every licence granted under this section shall specify the premises in which and the conditions, if any, subject to which the licensee shall carry on his business.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 20-4-1995 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 13 (w.e.f. 20-4-1995).
17E. Declaration of stock
17E. Declaration of stock.-- (1) Every person cultivating, or dealing in, a specified plant or part or derivative thereof shall, within thirty days from the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991 (44 of 1991) declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf, his stocks of such plants and part or derivative thereof, as the case may be, on the date of such commencement.
The provisions of sub-sections (3) to (8) (both inclusive) of section 44, section 45, section 46 and section 47 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to an application and a licence referred to in section 17C and section 17D as they apply in relation to the licence or business in animals or animal articles.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 20-4-1995 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 13 (w.e.f. 20-4-1995).
17F. Possession, etc., of plants by licensee
17F. Possession, etc., of plants by licensee.-- No licensee under this Chapter shall--
keep in his control, custody or possession--
any specified plant, or part or derivative thereof in respect of which a declaration under the provisions of section 17E has to be made but has not been made;
any specified plant, or part or derivative thereof which has not been lawfully acquired under the provisions of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder;
(i) pick, uproot, collect or acquire any specified plant, or
acquire, receive, keep in his control, custody or possession, or sell, offer for sale or transport any specified plant or part or derivative thereof, except in accordance with the conditions subject to which the licence has been granted and such rules as may be made under this Act.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 20-4-1995 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 13 (w.e.f. 20-4-1995).
17G. Purchase, etc., of specified plants
17G. Purchase, etc., of specified plants.--No person shall purchase, receive or acquire any specified plant or part or derivative thereof otherwise than from a licensed dealer:
Provided that nothing in this section shall apply to any person referred to in section 17B.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 20-4-1995 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 13 (w.e.f. 20-4-1995).
17H. Plants to be Government property
17H. Plants to be Government property.--(1) Every specified plant or part or derivative thereof, in respect of which any offence against this Act or any rule or order made thereunder has been committed, shall be the property of the State Government, and, where such plant or part or derivative thereof has been collected or acquired from a sanctuary or National Park declared by the Central Government, such plant or part or derivative thereof shall be the property of the Central Government.
The provisions of sub-sections (2) and (3) of section 39 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to the specified plant or part or derivative thereof or they apply in relation to wild animals and articles referred to in sub-section (1) of that section.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 20-4-1995 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 13 (w.e.f. 20-4-1995).
Chapter IVPROTECTED AREAS Sanctuaries
18. Declaration of sanctuary
18. Declaration of sanctuary.-- [(1) The State Government may, by notification, declare its intention to constitute any area other than an area comprised within any reserve forest or the territorial waters as a sanctuary if it considers that such area is of adequate ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological, natural or zoological significance, for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wild life or its environment.]
The notification referred to in sub-section (1) shall specify, as nearly as possible, the situation and limits of such area.
Explanation.-- For the purposes of this section, it shall be sufficient to describe the area by roads, rivers, ridges or other well-known or readily intelligible boundaries.
Amendment notes (2)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 10 for the heading (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 15, for sub-section (1) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
18A. Protection to sanctuaries
18A. Protection to sanctuaries.--(1) When the State Government declares its intention under sub-section (1) of section 18 to constitute any area, not comprised within any reserve forest or territorial waters under that sub-section, as a sanctuary, the provisions of sections 27 to 33A (both inclusive) shall come into effect forthwith.
Till such time as the rights of affected persons are finally settled under sections 19 to 24 (both inclusive), the State Government shall make alternative arrangements required for making available fuel, fodder and other forest produce to the persons affected, in terms of their rights as per the Government records.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 11 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
18B. Appointment of Collectors
[18B. Appointment of Collectors.-- The State Government shall appoint, an officer to act as Collector under the Act, within ninety days of coming into force of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003), or within thirty days of the issue of notification under section 18, to inquire into and determine the existence, nature and extent of rights of any person in or over the land comprised within the limits of the sanctuary which may be notified under sub-section (1) of section 18.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 11 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
19. Collector to determine rights
[When a notification has been issued under section 18,] the Collector shall inquire into, and determine, the existence, nature and extent of the rights of any person in or over the land comprised within the limits of the sanctuary.
Amendment notes (1)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 16, for "Whenever any area is declared to be a sanctuary" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
20. Bar of accrual of rights
After the issue of a notification under section 18, no right shall be acquired in, on or over the land comprised within the limits of the area specified in such notification, except by succession, testamentary or intestate.
21. Proclamation by Collector
When a notification has been issued under section 18, the Collector shall[within a period of sixty days] publish in the regional language in every town and village in or in the neighbourhood of the area comprised therein, a proclamation--
specifying, as nearly as possible, the situation and the limits of the sanctuary; and
requiring any person, claiming any right mentioned In section 19, to prefer before the Collector, within two months from the date of such proclamation, a written claim in the prescribed form, specifying the nature and extent of such right with necessary details and the amount and particulars of compensation, if any, claimed in respect thereof.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 12 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
22. Inquiry by Collector
The Collector shall, after service of the prescribed notice upon the claimant, expeditiously inquire into--
the claim preferred before him under clause (b) of section 21, and
the existence of any right mentioned in section 19 and not claimed under clause (b) of section 21, so far as the same may be ascertainable from the records of the State Government and the evidence of any person acquainted with the same.
23. Powers of Collector
For the purpose of such inquiry, the Collector may exercise the following powers, namely:--
the power to enter in or upon any land and to survey, demarcate and make a map of the same or to authorise any other officer to do so;
the same powers as are vested in a civil court for the trial of suits.
24. Acquisition of rights
In the case of a claim to a right in or over any land referred to in section 19, the Collector shall pass an order admitting or rejecting the same in whole or in part.
If such claim is admitted in whole or in part, the Collector may either--
exclude such land from the limits of the proposed sanctuary, or
proceed to acquire such land or rights, except where by an agreement between the owner of such land or holder of rights and the Government, the owner or holder of such rights has agreed to surrender his rights to the Government, in or over such land" and on payment of such compensation, as is provided in the [Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (30 of 2013).] [(c) allow, in consultation with the Chief Wild Life Warden, the continuation of any right of any person in or over any land within the limits of the sanctuary.]
Amendment notes (2)
- w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Sub. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 8, for "Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (1 of 1894)" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 17 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
25. Acquisition proceedings
For the purpose of acquiring such land, or rights in or over such land,
the Collector shall be deemed to be a Collector, proceeding under the [Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (30 of 2013);]
the claimant shall be deemed to be a person interested and appearing before him in pursuance of a notice given under [section 21ic] of that Act;
the provisions of the sections, preceding [section 21] of that Act, shall be deemed to have been complied with;
where the claimant does not accept the award made in his favour ha the matter of compensation, he shall be deemed, within the meaning of [section 64] of that Act, to be a person interested who has not accepted the award, and shall be entitled to proceed to claim relief against the award under the provisions of [Chapter VIII] of that Act;
the Collector, with the consent of the claimant, or [the Authority], with the consent of both the parties, may award compensation in land or money or partly in land and partly in money; and
in the case of the stoppage of a public way or a common pasture, the Collector may, with the previous sanction of the State Government, provide for an alternative public way or common pasture, as far as may be practicable or convenient. [Explanation.--The expression "Authority" referred to in clause (e), shall mean the Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Authority established under section 51 of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013 (30 of 2013).]
The acquisition under this Act of any land or interest therein shall be deemed to be acquisition for a public purpose.
Amendment notes (5)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 9, for "Land Acquisition Act, 1894 (1 of 1894)" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for "ection 9" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for "section 18" and "Part III" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 9, ibid., for "the Court" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by s. 9, ibid, (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
25A. Time-limit for completion of acquisition proceedings
25A. Time-limit for completion of acquisition proceedings.--(1) The Collector shall, as far as possible, complete the proceedings under sections 19 to 25 (both inclusive), within a period of two years from the date of notification of declaration of sanctuary under section 18.
The notification shall not lapse if, for any reasons, the proceedings are not completed within a period of two years.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 13 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
26. Delegation of Collector's powers
The State Government may, by general or special order, direct that the Powers exercisable or the functions to be performed by the Collector under sections 19 to 25 (both inclusive) may be exercised and performed by such other officer as may be specified in the order.
26A. Declaration of area as sanctuary
26A. Declaration of area as sanctuary.-- (1) When--
a notification has been issued under section 18 and the period for preferring claims has elapsed, and all claims, if any, made in relation to any land in an area intended to be declared as a sanctuary, have been disposed of by the State Government; or
any area comprised within any reserve forest or any part of the territorial waters, which is considered by the State Government to be of adequate ecological faunal floral geomorphological, natural or zoological significance for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wild life or its environment, is to be included in a sanctuary, the State Government shall issue a notification specifying the limits of the area which shall be comprised within the sanctuary and declare that the said area shall be sanctuary on and from such date as may be specified in the notification:
Provided that where any part of the territorial waters is to be so included, prior concurrence of the Central Government shall be obtained by the State Government:
Provided further that the limits of the area of the territorial waters to be included in the sanctuary shall be determined in consultation with the Chief Naval Hydrographer of the Central Government and after taking adequate measures to protect the occupational interests of the local fishermen.
Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section(1), the right of innocent passage of any vessel or boat through the territorial waters shall not be affected by the notification issued under sub-section (1). [(3) No alteration of the boundaries of a sanctuary shall be made by the State Government except on a recommendation of the National Board.]
Amendment notes (2)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 18 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 14, for sub-section (3) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
27. Restriction on entry in sanctuary
No person other than,--
a public servant on duty,
a person who has been permitted by the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer to reside within the limits of the sanctuary,
a person who has any right over immovable property within the limits of the sanctuary,
a person passing through the sanctuary along a public highway, and
the dependants of the person referred to in clause (a), clause (b) or clause (c), shall enter or reside in the sanctuary, except under and in accordance with the conditions of a permit granted under section 28.
Every person shall, so long, as he resides in the sanctuary, be bound--
to prevent the commission, in the sanctuary, of an offence against this Act;
where there is reason to believe that any such offence against this Act has been committed in such sanctuary, to help in discovering and arresting the offender;
to report the death of any wild animal and to safeguard its remains until the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer takes charge thereof;
to extinguish any fire in such sanctuary of which he has knowledge or information and to prevent from spreading, by any lawful means in his power, any fire within the vicinity of such sanctuary of which he has knowledge or information; and
to assist any forest officer, Chief Wild Life. Warden, Wild Life Warden or police officer demanding his aid for preventing the commission of any offence against this Act or in the investigation of any such offence.
No person shall, with intent to cause damage to any boundary-mark of a sanctuary or to cause wrongful gain as defined in the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (45 of 1860), alter, destroy, move or deface such boundary-mark.
No person shall tease or molest any wild animal or litter the grounds of sanctuary.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 19 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
28. Grant of permit
The Chief Wild Life Warden may, on application, grant to any person a permit to enter or reside in a sanctuary for all or any of the following purposes, namely:--
investigation or study of wild life and purposes ancillary or incidental thereto;
photography [and film-making without making any change in the habitat or causing any adverse impact to the habitat or wild life;]
scientific research;
tourism;
transaction of lawful business with any person residing in the sanctuary.
A permit to enter or reside in a sanctuary shall be issued subject to such conditions and on payment of such fee as may be prescribed.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 10 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
29. Destruction, etc., in a sanctuary prohibited without a permit
29. Destruction, etc., in a sanctuary prohibited without a permit.--No person shall destroy, exploit or remove any wild life including forest produce from a sanctuary or destroy or damage or divert the habitat of any wild animal by any act whatsoever or divert, stop or enhance the flow of water into or outside the sanctuary, except under and in accordance with a permit granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden, and no such permit shall be granted unless the State Government being satisfied in consultation with the [National Board] that such removal of wild life from the sanctuary or the change in the flow of water into or outside the sanctuary is necessary for the improvement and better management of wild life therein, authorises the issue of such permit: [Explanation.--For the purposes of this section, grazing or movement of livestock permitted under clause (d) of section 33, or hunting of wild animals under a permit granted under section 11 or hunting without violating the conditions of a permit granted under section 12, or the exercise of any rights permitted to continue under clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 24, including the bona fide use of drinking and household water by local communities until they are settled, shall not be deemed to be an act prohibited under this section.]
Provided that where the forest produce is removed from a sanctuary the same may be used for meeting the personal bona fide needs of the people living in and around the sanctuary and shall not be used for any commercial purpose.
Amendment notes (3)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 15, for section 29 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 11, for "Board" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 11, ibid., for "the Explanation" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
30. Causing fire prohibited
No person shall set fire to a sanctuary, or kindle any fire, or leave any fire burning, in a sanctuary, in such manner as to endanger such sanctuary.
31. Prohibition of entry into sanctuary with weapon
No person shall enter a sanctuary with any weapon except with the previous permission in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer.
32. Ban on use of injurious substances
No person shall use, in a sanctuary, chemicals, explosives or any other substances which may cause injury to, or endanger, any wild life in such sanctuary.
33. Control of sanctuaries
The Chief Wild Life Warden shall be the authority who shall control, [manage and protect all sanctuaries in accordance with such management plans for the sanctuary approved by him as per the guidelines issued by the Central Government and in case the sanctuary also falls under the Scheduled Areas or areas where the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 (2 of 2007) is applicable, in accordance with the management plan for such sanctuary prepared after due consultation with the Gram Sabha concerned] and for that purpose, within the limits of any sanctuary,--
may construct such roads, bridges, buildings, fences or barrier gates, and carry out such other works as he may consider necessary for the purposes of such sanctuary: [Provided that no construction of [tourist lodges, including Government lodges, for commercial purposes], hotels, zoos and safari parks shall be undertaken inside a sanctuary except with the prior approval of the National Board.]
shall take such steps as will ensure the security of wild animals in the sanctuary and the preservation of the sanctuary and wild animals therein;
may take such measures, in the interests of wild life, as he may consider necessary for the improvement of any habitat;
may regulate, control or prohibit, in keeping with the interests of wild life, the grazing or movement of [live-stock.] ***
Amendment notes (5)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 12, for "manage and maintain all sanctuaries" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 16, (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Sub. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 12, for "commercial tourist lodges" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 21, for "cattle;" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Clause (e) omitted by s. 21, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
33A. Immunisation of live-stock
33A. Immunisation of live-stock.-- (1) The Chief Wild Life Warden shall take such measures in such manner, as may be prescribed, for immunisation against communicable diseases of the live-stock kept in or within five kilometres of a sanctuary.
No person shall take, or cause to be taken or grazed, any live-stock in a sanctuary without getting it immunised.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 22, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
33B. Advisory Committee
33B. Advisory Committee.-- (1) The State Government shall constitute an Advisory Committee consisting of the Chief Wild Life Warden or his nominee not below the rank of Conservator of Forests as its head and shall include a member of the State Legislature within whose constituency the sanctuary is situated, three representatives of Panchayati Raj Institutions, two representatives of non-governmental organisations and three individuals active in the field of wild life conservation, one representative each from departments dealing with Home and Veterinary matters, Honorary Wild Life Warden, if any, and the officer-in-charge of the sanctuary as Member-Secretary.
The Committee shall render advice on measures to be taken for better conservation and management of the sanctuary including participation of the people living within and around the sanctuary.
The Committee shall regulate its own procedure including quorum.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 17 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
34. Registration of certain persons in possession of arms
Within three months from the declaration of any area as a sanctuary, every person residing in or within ten kilometres of any such sanctuary and holding a licence granted under the Arms Act, 1959(54 of 1959), for the possession of arms or exempted from the provisions of that Act and possessing arms, shall apply in such form, on payment of such fee and within such time as may be prescribed, to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer, for the registration of his name.
On receipt of an application under sub-section (1), the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer shall register the name of the applicant in such manner as may be prescribed. [(3) No new licences under the Arms Act, 1959 (54 of 1959) shall be granted within a radius of ten kilometres of a sanctuary without the prior concurrence of the Chief Wild Life Warden.] [(4) No renewal of any licence under the Arms Act, 1959, (54 of 1959) shall be granted to any person residing within ten kilometres of a sanctuary except under the intimation to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer.]
Amendment notes (2)
- Ins w.e.f. 21-5-2001 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 22A (w.e.f. 21-5-2001).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 13 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
35. Declaration of National Parks
Whenever it appears to the State Government that an area, whether within a sanctuary or not, is, by reason of its ecological, faunal, floral, geomorphological or zoological association or importance, needed to be constituted as a National Park for the purpose of protecting, propagating or developing wild life therein or its environment, it may, by notification, declare its intention to constitute such area as a National Park. [Provided that where any part of the territorial waters is proposed to be included in such National Park, the provisions of section 26A shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to the declaration of a National Park as they apply in relation to the declaration of a sanctuary.]
The notification referred to in sub-section (1) shall define the limits of the area which is intended to be declared as a National Park.
Where any area is intended to be declared as a National Park, the provisions of sections [19 to 26A (both inclusive except cause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 24)] shall, as far as may, be, apply to the investigation and determination of claims, and extinguishment of rights, in relation to any land in such area as they apply to the said matters in relation to any land in a sanctuary.
When the State Government declares its intention under sub-section (1) to constitute any area as a National Park, the provisions of sections 27 to 33A (both inclusive), shall come into effect forthwith, until the publication of the notification declaring such National Park under sub-section (4).
Till such time as the rights of the affected persons are finally settled under sections 19 to 26A [both inclusive except clause (c) of sub-section (2) of section 24], the State Government shall make alternative arrangements required for making available fuel, fodder and other forest produce to the persons affected, in terms of their rights as per the Government records.
When the following events have occurred, namely,--
the period for preferring claims has elapsed, and all claims, if any, made in relation to any land in an area intended to be declared as a National Park, have been disposed of by the State Government, and
all rights in respect of lands proposed to be included in the National Park have become vested in the State Government, the State Government shall publish a notification specifying the limits of the area which shall be comprised within the National Park and declare that the said area shall be a National Park on and from such date as may be specified in the notification.
No alteration of the boundaries of a National Park by the State Government shall be made except on a recommendation of the National Board.
No person shall destroy, exploit or remove any Wild Life including forest produce from a National Park or destroy or damage or divert the habitat of any wild animal by any act whatsoever or divert, stop or enhance the flow of water into or outside the National Park, except under and in accordance with a permit granted by the Chief Wild Life Warden, and no such permit shall be granted unless the State Government being satisfied in consultation with the National Board that such removal of wild life from the National Park or the change in the flow of water into or outside the National Park is necessary for the improvement and better management of wild life therein, authorises the issue of such permit:
Provided that where the forest produce is removed from a National Park, the same may be used for meeting the personal bona fide needs of the people living in and around the National Park and shall not be used for any commercial purpose.
No grazing of any [live-stock] shall be permitted in a National Park and no [live-stock] shall be allowed to enter therein except where such [live-stock] is used as a vehicle by a person authorised to enter such National Park.
The provisions of sections 27 and 28, sections 30 to 32 (both inclusive), and clauses (a), (b) and (c) of [section 33, section 33A] shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a National Park as they apply in relation to a sanctuary. [Explanation.--For the purposes of this section, in case of an area, whether within a sanctuary or not, where the rights have been extinguished and the land has become vested in the State Government under any Act or otherwise, such area may be notified by it, by a notification, as a National Park and the proceedings under sections 19 to 26 (both inclusive) and the provisions of sub-sections (3) and (4) of this section shall not apply.] ***
Amendment notes (8)
- Added w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Added by Act 44 of 1991, s. 23, (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 23, ibid., for "section 23, for "19 to 26 (both inclusive)" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 14 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 19, for sub-sections (5) and (6) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 23, for "cattle" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 23, ibid., for "section 33" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 19 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . The sub-heading "GAME RESERVE" omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 24 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
36. Omitted
[Declaration of game reserve.]---Omitted by the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 1991 (44 of 1991), s. 24 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
36A. Declaration and management of a conservation reserve
36A. Declaration and management of a conservation reserve.--(1) The State Government may, after having consultations with the local communities, declare any area owned by the Government, particularly the areas adjacent to National Parks and sanctuaries and those areas which link one protected area with another, as a conservation reserve for protecting landscapes, seascapes, flora and fauna and their habitat:
Provided that where the conservation reserve includes any land owned by the Central Government, its prior concurrence shall be obtained before making such declaration.
The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 18, sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 27, sections 30, 32 and clauses (b) and (c) of section 33 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a conservation reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 20 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
36B. Conservation reserve management committee
36B. Conservation reserve management committee.--(1) The State Government shall constitute a conservation reserve management committee to advise the Chief Wild Life Warden to conserve, manage and maintain the conservation reserve.
The committee shall consist of a representative of the forest or Wild Life Department, who shall be the Member-Secretary of the Committee, one representative of each Village Panchayat in whose jurisdiction the reserve is located, three representatives of non-governmental organisations working in the field of wild life conservation and one representative each from the Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry.
The Committee shall regulate its own procedure including the quorum.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 20 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
36C. Declaration and management of community reserve
36C. Declaration and management of community reserve.-- (1) The State Government may, where the community or an individual has volunteered to conserve wild life and its habitat, declare any private or community land not comprised within a National Park, sanctuary or a conservation reserve, as a community reserve, for protecting fauna, flora and traditional or cultural conservation values and practices.
The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 18, sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 27, sections 30, 32 and clauses (b) and (c) of section 33 shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a community reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.
After the issue of notification under sub-section (1), no change in the land use pattern shall be made within the community reserve, except in accordance with a resolution passed by the management committee and approval of the same by the State Government.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 20 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
36D. Community reserve management committee
36D. Community reserve management committee.-- (1) The State Government shall constitute a Community Reserve management committee, which shall be the authority responsible for conserving, maintaining and managing the community reserve.
The committee shall consist of [not less than five representatives] nominated by the Village Panchayat or where such Panchayat does not exist by the members of the Gram Sabha and one representative of the State Forests or Wild Life Department under whose jurisdiction the community reserve is located. [(2A) Where a community reserve is declared on private land under sub-section (1) of section 36C, the community reserve management committee shall consist of the owner of the land, a representative of the State Forests or Wild Life Department under whose jurisdiction the community reserve is located and also the representative of the Panchayat concerned or the tribal community, as the case may be.]
The committee shall be the competent authority to prepare and implement the management plan for the community reserve and to take steps to ensure the protection of wild life and its habitat in the reserve.
The committee shall elect a Chairman who shall also be the Honorary Wild Life Warden on the community reserve.
The committee shall regulate its own procedure including the quorum.
Amendment notes (3)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 20 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 15, for "five representatives" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by s. 15, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
37. Omitted
[Declaration of closed area.]---Omitted by the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003), s. 21(w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
38. Power of Central Government to declare areas as sanctuaries or National Parks or conservation reserves
38. Power of Central Government to declare areas as sanctuaries or National Parks [or conservation reserves].(1) Where the State Government leases or otherwise transfers any area under its control, not being an area within a sanctuary, to the Central Government, the Central Government may, if it is satisfied that the conditions specified in section 18 are fulfilled in relation to the area so transferred to it, declare such area, by notification, to be a sanctuary and the provisions of [sections 18 to 35] (both inclusive), 54 and 55 shall apply in relation to such sanctuary as they apply in relation to a sanctuary declared by the State Government.
The Central Government may, if it is satisfied that the conditions specified in section 35 are fulfilled in relation to any area referred to in section (1), whether or not such area has been declared, to be a sub sanctuary by the Central Government or the State Government, declare such area, by notification, to be a National Park and the provisions of sections 35, 54 and 55 shall apply in relation to such National Park as they apply in relation to a National Park declared by the State Government. [(2A) The Central Government may, if it is satisfied that the conditions specified in sub-section (1) of section 36A are fulfilled in relation to any area referred to in sub-section (1), declare such area, by notification, to be a conservation reserve and the provisions of sections 36A and 36B shall apply in relation to such conservation reserve as they apply in relation to a conservation reserve declared by the State Government.]
In relation to a sanctuary or National Park [or conservation reserve] declared by the Central Government, the powers and duties of the Chief Wild Life Warden under the sections referred to in [sub-sections (1), (2) and (2A)], shall be exercised and discharged by the Director or by such other officer as may be authorised by the Director in this behalf and references, in the sections aforesaid, to the State Government shall be construed as references to the Central Government and reference therein to the Legislature of the State shall be construed as a reference to Parliament.
Amendment notes (4)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 16, (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 25, for "sections 19 to 35" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 16 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 16, ibid, for "sub-sections (1) and (2)" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
38A. Constitution of Central Zoo Authority
38A. Constitution of Central Zoo Authority.-- (1) The Central Government shall constitute a body to be known as the Central Zoo Authority (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as the Authority), to exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the functions assigned to it under this Act.
The Authority shall consist of--
chairperson;
such number of members not exceeding ten; and
Member-Secretary, to be appointed by the Central Government.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 26, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
38B. Term of office and conditions of service of Chairperson and members, etc
[8B. Term of office and conditions of service of Chairperson and members, etc.-- (1) The chairperson and every member other than the Member-Secretary] shall hold office for such period, not exceeding three years, as may be specified by the Central Government in this behalf.
The chairperson or a member may by writing under his hand addressed to the Central Government, resign from the office of chairperson or, as the case may be, of the member.
The Central Government shall remove a person from the office of chairperson or member referred to in sub-section (2) if that person
becomes an undischarged insolvent;
gets convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for an offence which in the opinion of the Central Government involves moral turpitude;
becomes of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;
refuses to act or becomes incapable of acting;
is, without obtaining leave of absence from the authority, absent from three consecutive meetings of the Authority; or
in the opinion of the Central Government has so abused the position of chairperson or member as to render that persons continuance in office detrimental to the public interest
Provided that no person shall be removed under this clause unless that person has been given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in the matter.
A vacancy caused under sub-section (2) or otherwise shall be filled by fresh appointment.
The salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of chairperson, members and Member-Secretary of the Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.
The Authority shall, with the previous sanction of the Central Government, employ such officers and other employees as it deems necessary to carry out the purposes of the Authority.
The terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.
No act or proceeding of the Authority shall be questioned or shall be invalid on the ground merely of the existence of any vacancies or defect in the constitution of the Authority.
Amendment notes (2)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 26, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 22 (w.e.f.1-4-2003).
38C. Functions of the Authority
38C. Functions of the Authority.-- The Authority shall perform the following functions, namely:--
specify the minimum standards for housing, upkeep and veterinary care of the animals kept in a zoo;
evaluate and assess the functioning of zoos with respect to the standards or the norms as may be prescribed;
recognise or derecognise zoos;
identify endangered species of wild animals for purposes of captive breeding and assigning responsibility in this regard to a zoo;
co-ordinate the acquisition, exchange and loaning of animals for breeding purposes;
ensure maintenance of stud-books of endangered species of wild animals bred in captivity;
identify priorities and themes with regard to display of captive animals in a zoo;
co-ordinate training of zoo personnel in India and outside India;
co-ordinate research in captive breeding and educational programmes for the purposes of zoos;
provide technical and other assistance to zoos for their proper management and development on scientific lines;
perform such other functions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act with regard to zoos.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 26, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
38D. Procedure to be regulated by the Authority
38D. Procedure to be regulated by the Authority.-- (1) The Authority shall meet as and when necessary and shall meet at such time and place as the chairperson may think fit.
The Authority shall regulate its own procedure.
All orders and decisions of the Authority shall be authenticated by the Member-Secretary or any other officer of the Authority duly authorised by the Member-Secretary in this behalf.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 26, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
38E. Grants and loans to Authority and Constitution of Fund
38E.Grants and loans to Authority and Constitution of Fund.-- (1) The Central Government may, after due appropriation made by Parliament by law in this behalf, make to the Authority grants and loans of such sums of money as that Government may consider necessary.
There shall be constituted a Fund to be called the Central Zoo Authority Fund and there shall be credited thereto any grants and loans made to the Authority by the Central Government, all fees and charges received by the Authority under this Act and all sums received by the Authority from such other sources as may be decided upon by the Central Government.
The Fund referred to in sub-section (2) shall be applied for meeting salary, allowances and other remuneration of the members, officers and other employees of the Authority and the expenses of the Authority in the discharge of its functions under this Chapter and expenses on objects and for purposes authorised by this Act.
The Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and prepare an annual statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government in consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
The accounts of the Authority shall be audited by the Comptroller and Auditor-General at such intervals as may be specified by him and any expenditure incurred in connection with such audit shall be payable by the Authority to the Comptroller and Auditor-General.
The Comptroller and Auditor-General and any person appointed by him in connection with the audit of the accounts of the Authority under this Act shall have the same rights and privileges and the authority in connection with such audit as the Comptroller and Auditor-General generally has in connection with the audit of the Government accounts and, in particular, shall have the right to demand the production of books, accounts, connected vouchers and other documents and papers and to inspect any of the offices of the Authority.
The accounts of the Authority, as certified by the Comptroller and Auditor-General or any other person appointed by him in this behalf, together with the audit report thereon, shall be forwarded annually to the Central Government by the Authority.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 26, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
38F. Annual report
[38F. Annual report.--The Authority shall prepare in such form and at such time, for each financial year, as may be prescribed, its annual report, giving a full account of its activities during the previous financial year and forward a copy thereof to the Central Government.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 26, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
38G. Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament
[38G. Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament.-- The Central Government shall cause the annual report together with a memorandum of action taken on the recommendations contained therein, in so far as they relate to the Central Government, and the reasons for the nonacceptance, if any, of any of such recommendations and the audit report to be laid as soon as may be after the reports are received before each House of Parliament.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 26, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
38H. Recognition of zoos
38H. Recognition of zoos.--(1) No zoo shall be operated without being recognised by the Authority: [(1A) On and after the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003) a zoo shall not be established without obtaining the prior approval of the Authority.]
Provided that a zoo being operated immediately before the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991(44 of 1991) may continue to operate without being recognised for a period of[eighteen months from the date of such commencement] and if the application seeking recognition is made within that period, the zoo may continue to be operated until the said application is finally decided or withdrawn and in case of refusal for a further period of six months from the date of such refusal.
Every application for recognition of a zoo shall be made to the Authority in such form and on payment of such fee as may be prescribed.
Every recognition shall specify the conditions, if any, subject to which the applicant shall operate the zoo.
No recognition to a zoo shall be granted unless the Authority, having due regard to the interests of protection and conservation of wild life, and such standards, norms and other matters as may be prescribed, is satisfied that recognition should be granted.
No application for recognition of a zoo shall be rejected unless the applicant has been given a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
The Authority may, for reasons to be recorded by it, suspend or cancel any recognition granted under sub-section (4):
Provided that no such suspension or cancellation shall be made except after giving the person operating the zoo a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
An appeal from an order refusing to recognise a zoo under sub-section (5) or an order suspending or cancelling a recognition under sub-section (6) shall lie to the Central Government.
An appeal under sub-section (7) shall be preferred within thirty days from the date of communication to the applicant of the order appealed against:
Provided that the Central Government may admit any appeal preferred after the expiry of the period aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for not preferring the appeal in time.
Amendment notes (3)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 26, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 4-8-1992 . Subs. by Act 26 of 1993, s. 2, for "six months from the date of such commencement " (w.e.f. 4-8-1992).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 23 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
38I. Acquisition of animals by a zoo
38-I. Acquisition of animals by a zoo.-- (1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, no zoo shall acquire, sell or transfer any wild animal or captive animal specified in S Schedules I *** except with the previous permission of the Authority.
No zoo shall acquire, sell or transfer any wild or captive animal except from or to a recognised zoo.
Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall apply to a conservation breeding centre.
Amendment notes (3)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 24, for section 38-I (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . The word and figures "and II" omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 17 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by s. 17, ibid, (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
38J. Prohibition of teasing, etc., in a zoo
[38J. Prohibition of teasing, etc., in a zoo.-- No person shall tease, molest, injure or feed any animal or cause disturbance to the animals by noise or otherwise, or litter the grounds in a zoo.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 24, for section 38-I (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
38K. Definitions
38K. Definitions.-- In this Chapter,--
"National Tiger Conservation Authority" means the Tiger Conservation Authority constituted under section 38L;
"Steering Committee" means the Committee constituted under section 38U;
"Tiger Conservation Foundation" means the foundation established under section 38X;
"tiger reserve State" means a State having tiger reserve;
"tiger reserve" means the areas notified as such under section 38V.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38L. Constitution of National Tiger Conservation Authority
38L.Constitution of National Tiger Conservation Authority.-- (1) The Central Government shall constitute a body to be known as the National Tiger Conservation Authority (hereinafter in this Chapter referred to as the Tiger Conservation Authority), to exercise the powers conferred on, and to perform the functions assigned to it under this Act.
The Tiger Conservation Authority shall consist of the following members, namely:--
the Minister in charge of the Ministry of Environment and Forests---Chairperson;
the Minister of State in the Ministry of Environment and Forests---Vice-Chairperson;
three members of Parliament of whom two shall be elected by the House of the People and one by the Council of States;
eight experts or professionals having prescribed qualifications and experience in conservation of wild life and welfare of people living in tiger reserve out of which at least two shall be from the field of tribal development;
Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests;
Director General of Forests and Special Secretary, Ministry of Environment and Forests;
Director, Wild Life Preservation, Ministry of Environment and Forests;
six Chief Wild Life Wardens from the tiger reserve States in rotation for three years;
an officer not below the rank of Joint Secretary and Legislative Counsel from the Ministry of Law and Justice;
Secretary, Ministry of Tribal Affairs;
Secretary, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment;
Chairperson, National Commission for the Scheduled Tribes;
Chairperson, National Commission for the Scheduled Castes;
Secretary, Ministry of Panchayati Raj;
[an officer not below the rank of Inspector General of Forests] having at least ten years experience in a tiger reserve or wildlife management, who shall be the Member-Secretary,, to be notified by the Central Government, in the Official Gazette.
It is hereby declared that the office of member of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall not disqualify its holder for being chosen as, or for being, a member of either House of Parliament.
Amendment notes (2)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 18, for "Inspector General of Forests or an officer of the equivalent rank" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
38M. Term of office and conditions of service of members
38M. Term of office and conditions of service of members.-- (1) A member nominated under clause (d) of sub-section (2) of section 38L shall hold office for such period not exceeding three years:
Provided that a member may, by writing under his hand addressed to the Central Government, resign from his office.
The Central Government shall remove a member referred to in clause (d) of sub-section (2) of section 38L, from office if he--
is, or at any time has been, adjudicated as insolvent;
has been convicted of an offence which, in the opinion of the Central Government, involves moral turpitude;
is of unsound mind and stands so declared by a competent court;
refuses to act or becomes incapable of acting;
is, without obtaining leave of absence from the Tiger Conservation Authority, absent from three consecutive meetings of the said Authority; or
has, in the opinion of the Central Government, so abused his position as to render his continuation in office detrimental to the public interest:
Provided that no member shall be removed under this sub-section unless he has been given a reasonable opportunity of being heard in the matter.
Any vacancy in the office of a member shall be filled by fresh appointment and such member shall continue for the remainder of the term of the member in whose place he is appointed.
The salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of the members of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.
No act or proceeding of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be questioned or shall be invalid on the ground merely of the existence of any vacancy or defect in the constitution of the Tiger Conservation Authority.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38N. Officers and employees of Tiger Conservation Authority
38N. Officers and employees of Tiger Conservation Authority.-- (1) The Tiger Conservation Authority may, with the previous sanction of the Central Government, appoint such other officers and employees as it considers necessary for the efficient discharge of its functions under this Act:
Provided that the officers and employees holding office under the Directorate of Project Tiger and dealing with Project Tiger immediately before the date of constitution of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall continue to hold office in the said Authority by the same tenure and upon the same terms and conditions of service or until the expiry of the period of six months from that date if such employee opts not to be' the employee of that Authority.
The terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be such as may be prescribed.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38O. Powers and functions of Tiger Conservation Authority
38O. Powers and functions of Tiger Conservation Authority.-- (1) The Tiger Conservation Authority shall have the following powers and perform the following functions, namely:--
to approve the Tiger Conservation Plan prepared by the State Government under sub-section (5) of section 38V of this Act;
evaluate and assess various aspects of sustainable ecology and disallow any ecologically unsustainable land use such as, mining, industry and other projects within the tiger reserves;
lay down normative standards for tourism activities and guidelines for project tiger from time to time for tiger conservation in the buffer and core area of tiger reserves and ensure their due compliance;
provide for management focus and measures for addressing conflicts of men and wild animals and to emphasise on co-existence in forest areas outside the National Parks, sanctuaries or tiger reserve, in the working plan code;
provide information on protection measures including future conservation plan, estimation of population of tiger and its natural prey species, status of habitats, disease surveillance, mortality survey, patrolling, reports on untoward happenings and such other management aspects as it may deem fit including future plan conservation;
approve, co-ordinate research and monitoring on tiger, co-predators, prey, habitat, related ecological and socio-economic parameters and their evaluation;
ensure that the tiger reserves and areas linking one protected area or tiger reserve with another protected area or tiger reserve are not diverted for ecologically unsustainable uses, except in public interest and with the approval of the National Board for Wild Life and on the advice of the Tiger Conservation Authority;
facilitate and support the tiger reserve management in the State for biodiversity conservation initiatives through eco-development and peoples participation as per approved management plans and to support similar initiatives in adjoining areas consistent with the Central and State laws;
ensure critical support including scientific, information technology and legal support for better implementation of the tiger conservation plan;
facilitate ongoing capacity building programme for skill development of officers and staff of tiger reserves; and
perform such other functions as may be necessary to carry out the purposes of this Act with regard to conservation of tigers and their habitat.
The Tiger Conservation Authority may, in the exercise of its powers and performance of its functions under this Chapter, issue directions in writing to any person, officer or authority for the protection of tiger or tiger reserves and such person, officer or authority shall be bound to comply with the directions:
Provided that no such direction shall interfere with or affect the rights of local people particularly the Scheduled Tribes.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
Chapter IVB NATIONAL TIGER CONSERVATION AUTHORITY
38P. Procedure to be regulated by Tiger Conservation Authority
38P. Procedure to be regulated by Tiger Conservation Authority(1) The Tiger Conservation Authority shall meet at such time and at such place as the Chairperson may think fit.
The Chairperson or in his absence the Vice-Chairperson shall preside over the meetings of the Tiger Conservation Authority.
The Tiger Conservation Authority shall regulate its own procedure.
All orders and decisions of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be authenticated by the Member-Secretary or any other officer of the said Authority duly authorised by the Member-Secretary in this behalf.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38Q. Grants and loans to Tiger Conservation Authority and Constitution of Fund
38Q. Grants and loans to Tiger Conservation Authority and Constitution of Fund.-- (1) The Central Government may, after due appropriation made by Parliament by law in this behalf, make to the Tiger Conservation Authority grants and loans of such sums of money as that Government may consider necessary.
There shall be constituted a Fund to be called the Tiger Conservation Authority Fund and there shall be credited thereto--
any grants and loans made to the Tiger Conservation Authority by the Central Government;
all fees and charges received by the Tiger Conservation Authority under this Act; and
all sums received by the Authority from such other sources as may be decided upon by the Central Government.
The Fund referred to in sub-section (2) shall be applied for meeting salary, allowances and other remuneration of the members, officers and other employees of the Tiger Conservation Authority and the expenses of the Tiger Conservation Authority incurred in the discharge of its functions under this Chapter.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38R. Accounts and audit of Tiger Conservation Authority
38R. Accounts and audit of Tiger Conservation Authority. -- (1) The Tiger Conservation Authority shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and prepare an annual statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the Central Government in consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
The accounts of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall be audited by the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India at such intervals as may be specified by him and any expenditure incurred in connection with such audit shall be payable by the Tiger Conservation Authority to the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India and any other person appointed by him in connection with the audit of the accounts of the Tiger Conservation Authority shall have the same rights and privileges and authority in connection with such audit as the Comptroller and Auditor-General generally has in connection with the audit of the Government accounts and, in particular, shall have the right to demand the production of books, accounts, connected vouchers and other documents and papers and to inspect the office of the Tiger Conservation Authority.
The accounts of the Tiger Conservation Authority as certified by the Comptroller and AuditorGeneral of India or any other person appointed by him in this behalf together with the audit report thereon, shall be forwarded annually to the Central Government by the Tiger Conservation Authority.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38S. Annual report of Tiger Conservation Authority
[38S. Annual report of Tiger Conservation Authority.-- The Tiger Conservation Authority shall prepare in such form and at such time, for each financial year, as may be prescribed, its annual report, giving a full account of its activities during the previous financial year and forward a copy thereof to the Central Government.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38T. Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament
[38T. Annual report and audit report to be laid before Parliament.--- The Central Government shall cause the annual report together with a memorandum of action taken on the recommendations contained therein, insofar as they relate to the Central Government, and the reasons for the nonacceptance, if any, of any of such recommendations, and the audit report to be laid, as soon as may be after the reports are received, before each House of Parliament.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38U. Constitution of Steering Committee
38U. Constitution of Steering Committee.--(1) The State Government may constitute a Steering Committee for ensuring co-ordination, monitoring, protection and conservation of tiger, co-predators and prey animals within the tiger range States.
The Steering Committee shall consists of--
the Chief Minister ---Chairperson;
the Minister in-charge of Wild Life ---Vice-Chairperson;
such number of official members not exceeding five including at least two Field Directors of tiger reserve or Director of National Park and one from the State Government's Departments dealing with tribal affairs;
three experts or professionals having qualifications and experience in conservation of wild life of which at least one shall be from the field of tribal development,
two members from the State's Tribal Advisory Council;
one representative each from State Government's Departments dealing with Panchayati Raj and Social Justice and Empowerment;
Chief Wild Life Warden of the State shall be the Member-Secretary, ex officio, to be notified by the State Government, in the Official Gazette.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38V. Tiger Conservation Plan
38V. Tiger Conservation Plan.-- (1) The State Government shall, on the recommendation of the Tiger Conservation Authority, notify an area as a tiger reserve.
The provisions of sub-section (2) of section 18, sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 27, sections 30,32 and clauses (b) and (c) of section 33 of this Act shall, as far as may be, apply in relation to a tiger reserve as they apply in relation to a sanctuary.
The State Government shall prepare a Tiger Conservation Plan including staff development and deployment plan for the proper management of each area referred to in sub-section (1), so as to ensure--
protection of tiger reserve and providing site specific habitat inputs for a viable population of tigers, co-predators and prey animals without distorting the natural prey-predator ecological cycle in the habitat;
ecologically compatible land uses in the tiger reserves and areas linking one protected area or tiger reserve with another for addressing the livelihood concerns of local people, so as to provide dispersal habitats and corridor for spill over population of wild animals from the designated core areas of tiger reserves or from tiger breeding habitats within other protected areas;
the forestry operations of regular forest divisions and those adjoining tiger reserves are not incompatible with the needs of tiger conservation.
Subject to the provisions contained in this Act, the State Government shall, while preparing a Tiger Conservation Plan, ensure the agricultural, livelihood, developmental and other interests of the people living in tiger bearing forests or a tiger reserve,
Explanation.-- For the purposes of this section, the expression "tiger reserve" includes--
core or critical tiger habitat areas of National Parks and sanctuaries, where it has been established, on the basis of scientific and objective criteria, that such areas are required to be kept as inviolate for the purposes of tiger conservation, without affecting the rights of the Scheduled Tribes or such other forest dwellers, and. notified as such by the State Government in consultation with an Expert Committee constituted for the purpose;
buffer or peripheral area consisting of the area peripheral to critical tiger habitat or core area, identified and established in accordance with the provisions contained in Explanation (i) above, where a lesser degree of habitat protection is required to ensure the integrity of the critical tiger habitat with adequate dispersal for tiger species, and which aim at promoting co-existence between wildlife and human activity with due recognition of the livelihood, developmental, social and cultural rights of the local people, wherein the limits of such areas are determined on the basis of scientific and objective criteria in consultation with the concerned Gram Sabha and an Expert Committee constituted for the purpose.
Save as for voluntary relocation on mutually agreed terms and conditions, provided that such terms and conditions satisfy the requirements laid down in this sub-section, no Scheduled Tribes or other forest dwellers shall be resettled or have their rights adversely affected for the purpose of creating inviolate areas for tiger conservation unless--
the process of recognition and determination of rights and acquisition of land or forest rights of the Scheduled Tribes and such other forest dwelling persons is complete;
the concerned agencies of the State Government, in exercise of their powers under this Act, establishes with the consent of the Scheduled Tribes and such other forest dwellers in the area, and in consultation with an ecological and social scientist familiar with the area, that the activities of the Scheduled Tribes and other forest dwellers or the impact of their presence upon wild animals is sufficient to cause irreversible damage and shall threaten the existence of tigers and their habitat;
the State Government, after obtaining the consent of the Scheduled Tribes and other forest dwellers inhabiting the area, and in consultation with an independent ecological and social scientist familiar with the area, has come to a conclusion that other reasonable options of co-existence, are not available;
resettlement or alternative package has been prepared providing for livelihood for the affected individuals and communities and fulfils the requirements given in the National Relief and Rehabilitation Policy;
the informed consent of the Gram Sabha concerned, and of the persons affected, to the resettlement programme has been obtained; and
the facilities and land allocation at the resettlement location are provided under the said programme, otherwise their existing rights shall not be interfered with.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38W. Alteration and de-notification of tiger reserves
38W. Alteration and de-notification of tiger reserves.--(1) No alteration in the boundaries of a tiger reserve shall be made except on a recommendation of the Tiger Conservation Authority and the approval of the National Board for Wild Life.
No State Government shall de-notify a tiger reserve, except in public interest with the approval of the Tiger Conservation Authority and the National Board for Wild Life.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38X. Establishment of Tiger Conservation Foundation
38X. Establishment of Tiger Conservation Foundation.--(1) The State Government shall establish a Tiger Conservation Foundation for tiger reserves within the State in order to facilitate and support their management for conservation of tiger and biodiversity and, to take initiatives in eco-development by involvement of people in such development process.
The Tiger Conservation Foundation shall, inter alia, have the following objectives:--
to facilitate ecological, economic, social and cultural development in the tiger reserves;
to promote eco-tourism with the involvement of local stake-holder communities and provide support to safeguard the natural environment in the tiger reserves;
to facilitate the creation of, and or maintenance of, such assets as may be necessary for fulfilling the above said objectives;
to solicit technical, financial, social, legal and other support required for the activities of the Foundation for achieving the above said objectives;
to augment and mobilise financial resources including recycling of entry and such other fees received in a tiger reserve, to foster stake-holder development and eco-tourism;
to support research, environmental education and training in the above related fields.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
38XA. Provisions of Chapter to be in addition to provisions relating to sanctuaries and National Park
[38XA. Provisions of Chapter to be in addition to provisions relating to sanctuaries and National Park.-- The provisions contained in this Chapter shall be in addition to, and not in derogation of, the provisions relating to sanctuaries and National Parks (whether included and declared, or are in the process of being so declared) included in a tiger reserve under this Act.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 19 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
38Y. Constitution of Wild Life Crime Control Bureau
38Y. Constitution of [Wild Life] Crime Control Bureau.--The Central Government may, for the purposes of this Act, by order published in the Official Gazette, constitute a 3*** Wildlife Crime Control Bureau consisting of--
the Director of Wildlife Preservation---Director ex officio;
the Inspector-General of Police---Additional Director;
the Deputy Inspector-General of Police---Joint Director;
the Deputy Inspector-General of Forests---Joint Director;
the Additional Commissioner (Customs and [Central Goods and Services Tax]---Joint Director; and
such other officers as may be appointed from amongst the officers covered under sections 3 and 4 of this Act.
Amendment notes (4)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 20, ibid., for "TIGER AND OTHER ENDANGERED SPECIES" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 21, ibid., for "Tiger and other Endangered Species" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- omitted . The words "Tiger and other Endangered Species Crime Control Bureau to be known as the" omitted by s. 21, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4- 2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 21, ibid., for "Central Excise" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
38Z. Powers and functions of the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau
38Z. Powers and functions of the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau.-- (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Wildlife Crime Control Bureau shall take measures with respect to--
collect and collate intelligence related to organized wildlife crime activities and to disseminate the same to State and other enforcement agencies for immediate action, so as to apprehend the criminals and to establish a centralised wildlife crime data bank;
co-ordination of actions by various officers, State Governments and other authorities in connection with the enforcement of the provisions of this Act, either directly or through regional and border units set up by the Bureau;
implementation of obligations under the various international Conventions and protocols that are in force at present or which may be ratified or acceded to by India in future;
assistance to concerned authorities in foreign countries and concerned international organisations to facilitate co-ordination and universal action for wildlife crime control;
develop infrastructure and capacity building for scientific and professional investigation into wildlife crimes and assist State Governments to ensure success in prosecutions related to wildlife crimes;
advice the Government of India on issues relating to wildlife crimes having national and international ramifications, and suggest changes required in relevant policy and laws from time to time.
The Wildlife Crime Control Bureau shall exercise--
such powers as may be delegated to it under sub-section (1) of section 5, sub-sections (1) and (8) of section 50 and section 55 of this Act; and
such other powers as may be prescribed.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 2 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
Chapter VTRADE OR COMMERCE IN WILD ANIMALS, ANIMAL ARTICLES AND TROPHIES
39. Wild animals, etc., to be Government property
Every--
wild animal, other than vermin, which is hunted under section 11 or sub-section (1) of section 29 or sub-section (6) of section 35 or kept or [bred in captivity or hunted] in contravention of any provision of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder or found dead, or killed *** or by mistake; and
animal article, trophy or uncured trophy or meat derived from any wild animal referred to in clause (a) in respect of which any offence against this Act or any rule or order made thereunder has been committed,
ivory imported into India and an article made from such ivory in respect of which any offence against this Act or any rule or order made thereunder has been committed;
vehicle, vessel, weapon, trap or tool that has been used for committing an offence and has been seized under the provisions of this Act. shall be the property of the State Government, and, wheresuch animal is hunted in a sanctuary or National Park declared by the Central Government, such animal or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or meat [derived from such animal or any vehicle, vessel, weapon, trap or tool used in such hunting] shall be the property of the Central Government.
Amy person who obtains, by any means, the possession of Government property, shall, within forty-eight hours from obtaining such possession, make a report as to the obtaining of such possession to the, nearest police station or the authorised officer and shall, if so required, hand over such property to the officer-in-charge of such police station or such authorised officer, as the case may be.
No person shall, without the previous permission in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer--
acquire or keep in his possession, custody or control, or
transfer to any person, whether by way of gift, sale or otherwise, or
destroy or damage, such Government property.
Where any such Government property is a live animal, the State Government shall ensure that it is housed and cared for by a recognised zoo or rescue centre when it can not be released to its natural habitat.
Any such animal article, trophy or uncured trophy or meat derived from any wild animal, as referred to in sub-sections (1) and (2) may be disposed of by the State Government or the Central Government, as the case may be, in such manner as may be prescribed by the Central Government:
Provided that such disposal shall not include any commercial sale or auction and no certificate of ownership shall be issued for such disposal.
Amendment notes (4)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 27, for "bred in captivity" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . The words "without a licence or" omitted by s. 27, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 27, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 27, for "derived from such animal" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
40. Declarations
Every person having at the commencement of this Act the control, custody or possession of any captive animal specified in Schedule I ***, [or animal article, trophy or uncured trophy] derived from such animal or salted or dried skins of such animal or the musk of a musk deer or the horn of a rhinoceros, shall, within thirty days from the commencement of this Act, declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer the number and description of the animal, or article of the foregoing description under his control, custody or possession and the place where such animal or article is kept.
No person shall, after the commencement of this Act, acquire, receive, keep in his control, custody or possession, sell, offer for sale or 420 otherwise transfer or transport any animal specified in Schedule I *** or any uncured trophy or meat derived from such animal, or the salted or dried skins of such animal or the musk of a musk deer or the horn of a rhinoceros, except with the previous permission in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer.
No person other than a person having a certificate of ownership, shall, after the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003) acquire, receive, keep in his control, custody or possession any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy specified in Schedule I ***, except by way of inheritance.
Every person inheriting any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy under sub-section (2A) shall, within ninety days of such inheritance make a declaration to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer and the provisions of sections 41 and 42 shall apply as if the declaration had been made under sub-section (1) of section 40:
Provided that nothing in sub-sections (2A) and (2B) shall apply to the live elephant..
Every person inheriting any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy under sub-section (2A) shall, within ninety days of such inheritance make a declaration to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer and the provisions of sections 41 and 42 shall apply as if the declaration had been made under sub-section (1) of section 40: [(3) Nothing in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) shall apply to a recognised zoo subject to the provisions of section 38-I or to a public museum.]
Provided that nothing in sub-sections (2A) and (2B) shall apply to the live elephant.
The State Government may, by notification, require any person to declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer [any animal or animal article] or trophy (other than a musk of a musk deer or horn of a rhinoceros) or salted or dried skins derived from an animal specified in Schedule I or Part II of Schedule II in his control, custody or possession in such form, in such manner, and within such time, as may be prescribed.
Amendment notes (6)
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . The words and figures "or Part II of Schedule II" omitted by s. 23, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 25, for "or any uncured trophy" (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . The words and figures "or Part II of Schedule II" omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 23 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 25, (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 28, for sub-section (3) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 25, for "any animal article" (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
40A. Immunity in certain cases
40A. Immunity in certain cases.-- (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-sections (2) and (4) of section 40 of this Act, the Central Government may, by notification, require any person to declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer, any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy derived from animals specified in Schedule I *** in his control, custody or possession, in respect of which no declaration had been made under sub-section (1) or sub-section (4) of section 40, in such form, in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed.
Any action taken or purported to be taken for violation of section 40 of this Act at any time before the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2002 (16 of 2003) shall not be proceeded with and all pending proceedings shall stand abated.
Any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy declared under sub-section (1), shall be dealt with in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed.
Amendment notes (2)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 26 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . The words and figures "or Part II of Schedule II" omitted by s. 24, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
41. Inquiry and preparation of inventories
On receipt of a declaration made under section 40, the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may, after such notice, in such manner and at such time, as may be prescribed,--
enter upon the premises of a person referred to in section 40;
make inquiries and prepare inventories of animal articles, trophies, uncured trophies, salted and dried skins and captive animals specified in Schedule I *** and found thereon; and
affix upon the animals, animal articles, trophies or uncured trophies identification marks in such manner as may be prescribed.
No person shall obliterate or counterfeit any identification mark referred to in this Chapter.
Amendment notes (1)
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . The words and figures "and Part II of Schedule II" omitted by s. 25, ibid, (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
42. Certificate of ownership
The Chief Wild Life Warden may, for the purposes of section 40, issue a certificate of ownership in such form, as may be prescribed to any person who, in his opinion, is in lawful possession of any wild animal or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy and may, where possible, mark, in the prescribed manner, such animal article, trophy or uncured trophy for purposes of identification. [Provided that before issuing the certificate of ownership in respect of any captive animal, the Chief Wild Life Warden shall ensure that the applicant has adequate facilities for housing, maintenance and upkeep of the animal.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Added w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Added by s. 27, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
42A. Surrender of captive animals, animal article, etc
42A. Surrender of captive animals, animal article, etc.-- (1) Any person having a certificate of ownership in respect of any captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy, meat or ivory imported into India or an article made from such ivory, and who is not desirous of keeping it in his control, custody or possession may, after giving notice of seven working days to the Chief Wild Life Warden, surrender the same to him and any such certificate of ownership shall stand cancelled from the date of such surrender.
No compensation shall be payable to any person for surrender of any such animal, article, trophy, meat or ivory to the Chief Wild Life Warden under sub-section (1).
Any such animal, article, trophy, meat or ivory surrendered under this section shall become the property of the State Government and the provisions of section 39 shall apply.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 26 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
43. Regulation of transfer of animal, etc
43. Regulation of transfer of animal, etc.--(1) No person having in his possession captive animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy in respect of which he has a certificate of ownership shall transfer by way of sale or offer for sale or by any other mode of consideration of commercial nature, such animal or article or trophy or uncured trophy.
Where a person transfers or transports from the State in which he resides to another State or acquires by transfer from outside the State, any such animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy in respect of which he has a certificate of ownership, he shall, within thirty days of the transfer or transport, report the transfer or transport to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer within whose jurisdiction the transfer or transport is effected. [Provided that the transfer or transport of a captive elephant for a religious or any other purpose by a person having a valid certificate of ownership shall be subject to such terms and conditions as may be prescribed by the Central Government.]
Nothing in this section shall apply--
to tail feather of peacock and the animal article or trophies made therefrom;
to transfer of captive animals between recognised zoos subject to the provisions of section 38-I, and transfer amongst zoos and public museums.
Amendment notes (2)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 28, for section 43 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 27 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
44. Dealings in trophy and animal articles without licence prohibited
Subject to the provisions of Chapter VA, no person shall, except under and in accordance with, a licence granted under sub-section (4)--
commence or carry on the business as-- ***
a manufacturer of or dealer In, any animal article; or
a taxidermist; or
a dealer in trophy or uncured trophy; or
a dealer In captive animals; or
a dealer In meat; or
cook or serve meat In any eating-house: [(c) derive, collect or prepare or deal in snake venom;] [Provided further that nothing in this sub-section shall apply to the dealers in tail feathers of peacock and articles made therefrom and the manufactures of such articles.]
Provided that nothing in this sub-section shall prevent a person, who, immediately before the commencement of this Act was carrying on the business or occupation specified in this sub-section, from carrying on such business or occupation for a period of thirty days from such commencement, or where he has made an application within that period for the grant of a licence to him, until the licence is granted to him or he is informed In writing that a licence cannot be granted to him:
Explanation.--For the purposes of this section, "eating-house" includes a hotel, restaurant or any other place where any eatable is served on payment, whether or not such payment is separately made for such eatable or is included in the amount charged for board and lodging.
Every manufacturer of, or dealer in, animal article, or every dealer in captive animals, trophies or uncured trophies, or every taxidermist shall, within fifteen days from the commencement of this Act, declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden his stocks of animals articles, captive animals, trophies and uncured trophies, as the case may be, as on the date of such declaration and the Chief Wild Life Warden or the Authorised officer may place an identification mark on every animal article, captive animal, trophy or uncured trophy, as the case may be.
Every person referred to in sub-section (1) who intends to obtain a licence, shall make an application to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer for the grant of a licence.
(a) Every application referred to in sub-section (3) shall be made In such form and on payment of such fee as may be prescribed, to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer. [(b) No licence referred to in sub-section (1) shall be granted unless the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer having regard to the antecedents and previous experience of the applicant, the implication which the grant of such licence would have on the status of wild life and to such other matters as may be prescribed in this behalf and after making such inquiry in respect of those matters as he may think fit, is satisfied that the licence should be granted.]
Every licence granted under this section shall specify the premises in which and the conditions, if any, subject to, which the licensee shall carry on his business.
Every licence granted under this section shall--
be valid for one year from the date of its grant;
not be transferable; and
be renewable for a period not exceeding one year at a time.
No application for the renewal of a licence shall be rejected unless the holder of such licence has been given a reasonable opportunity of presenting his case and unless the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer is satisfied that--
the application for such renewal has been made after the expiry of the period specified therefor, or
any statement made by the applicant at the time of the grant or renewal of the licence was incorrect or false in material particulars, or
the applicant has contravened any term or condition of the licence or any provision of this Act or any rule made thereunder, or
the applicant does not fulfil the prescribed conditions.
Every order granting or rejecting an application for the grant or renewal of a licence shall be made in writing.
Nothing in the foregoing sub-sections shall apply in relation to vermin.
Amendment notes (5)
- Subs w.e.f. 25-11-1986 . Subs. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 2, for certain words (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Sub-clause (ia) omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 30 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 30, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 30, ibid., for the second proviso (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 21-5-1982 . Subs. by s.3, ibid., for clause (b) (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).
45. Suspension or cancellation of licences
Subject to any general or special order of the State Government, the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may, for reasons to be recorded by him in writing, suspend or cancel any licence granted or renewed under section 44:
Provided that no such suspension or cancellation shall be made except after giving the holder of the licence a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
46. Purchase
An appeal from an order refusing to grant or renew a licence under section 44 or an order suspending or cancelling a licence under section 45 shall lie--
if the order is made by the authorised officer, to the Chief Wild Life Warden; or
if the order is made by the Chief Wild Life Warden, to the State Government.
In the case of an order passed in appeal by the Chief Wild Life Warden under clause (a) of sub-section (1), a second appeal shall lie to the State Government.
Subject as aforesaid, every order passed in appeal under this section shall be final.
An appeal under this section shall be preferred within thirty days from the date of the communication, to the applicant, of the order appealed against:
Provided that the appellate authority may admit any appeal preferred after the expiry of the period aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant had sufficient cause for not preferring the appeal in time.
47. Maintenance of records
A licensee under this Chapter shall--
keep records, and submit such returns of his dealings, as may be prescribed,--
to the Director or any other officer authorised by him in this behalf, and
to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer; and
make such records available on demand for inspection by such officers.
48. Purchase of animals, etc., by licensee
No licensee under this Chapter shall--
keep in his control, custody or possession,--
any animal, animal article, trophy or uncured trophy in respect of which a declaration under the provisions of sub-section (2) of section 44 has to be made but has not been made;
any animal or animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or meat which has not been lawfully acquired under the provisions of this Act or any rule or order made thereunder;
(i) capture any wild animal, or
acquire, receive keep in his control, custody or possession, or sell, offer for sale or transport, any captive animal specified in Schedule I *** or any animal article trophy, uncured trophy or meat derived therefrom or serve such meat, or put under a process of taxidermy or make animal article containing part or whole of such animal, except in accordance with such rules as may be made tinder this Act;
Provided that where the acquisition or, possession, control or custody of such animal or animal article, trophy or uncured trophy entails the transfer or transport from one State to another, no such transfer or transport shall be effected except with the previous permission in writing of the Director or any other officer authorised by him in this behalf:
Provided further that no such permission under the foregoing proviso shall be granted unless the Director or the officer authorised by him is satisfied that the animal or article aforesaid has been lawfully acquired.
Amendment notes (1)
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . The words and figures "or Part II of Schedule II" omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 28 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
48A. Restriction on transportation of wild life
[48A. Restriction on transportation of wild life.-- No person shall accept any wild animal (other than vermin), or any animal article, or any specified plant or part or derivative thereof, for transportation except after exercising due care to ascertain that permission from the Chief Wild Life Warden or any other officer authorised by the State Government in this behalf has been obtained for such transportation.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 31 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
49. Purchase of captive animal, etc., by a person other than a licensee
No person shall purchase, receive or acquire any captive animal, wild animal, other than vermin, or any animal article, trophy, uncured trophy or meat derived therefrom otherwise than from a dealer or from a person authorised to sell or otherwise transfer the same under this Act: [Provided that nothing in this section shall apply to a recognised zoo subject to the provisions of section 38-1 or to a public museum.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 32, ibid., for the proviso (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
49A. Definitions
49A. Definitions.-- In this Chapter,--
"Scheduled animal" means an animal specified for the time being in Schedule I or Part II of Schedule II;
"Scheduled animal article" means an article made from any Scheduled animal and includes an article or object in which the whole or any part of such animal [has been used but does not include tail feather of peacook, an article or trophy made therefrom and snake venom or its derivative.]
"Specified date" means--
in relation to a scheduled animal on the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1986, the date of expiry of two months from such commencement; ***
in relation to any animal added or transferred to Scheduled I or Part II of Schedule II at any time after such commencement, the date of expiry of two months from such addition or transfer. [(iii) in relation ivory imported into India or an article made from such ivory, the date of expiry of six months from the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) (Amendment) Act, 1991 (44 of 1991).]
Amendment notes (4)
- Ins w.e.f. 25-11-1986 . Ins. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 3 (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 33, for "has been used" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . The word “and” omitted by s. 33, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 33 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
49B. Prohibition of dealings in trophies, animal articles, etc., derived from scheduled animals
49B. Prohibition of dealings in trophies, animal articles, etc., derived from scheduled animals.-- (1) Subject to the other provisions of this Section, on and after the specified date, no person shall--
commence or carry on the business as--
a manufacturer of, or dealer in, scheduled animal articles; or [ia) a dealer in ivory imported into India or articles made therefrom or a manufacturer of such articles; or]
a taxidermist with respect to any scheduled animals or any parts of such animals; or
a dealer in trophy or uncured trophy derived from any scheduled animal; or
a dealer in any captive animals being scheduled animals; or
a dealer in meat derived from any scheduled animal; or
cook or serve meat derived from any scheduled animal in any eating-house.
Explanation.--For the purposes of this sub-section, "eating-house" has the same meaning as in the Explanation below sub-section (1) of Section 44.
Subject to the other provisions of this section, no licence granted or renewed under Section 44 before the specified date shall entitle the holder thereof or any other person to commence or carry on the business referred to in clause (a) of sub-section (1) of this section or the occupation referred to in clause (b) of that sub-section after such date.
Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), where the Central Government is satisfied that it is necessary or expedient so to do in the public interest, it may, by general or special order published in the official Gazette, exempt, for purposes of export, any corporation owned or controlled by the Central Government (including a Government company within the meaning of section 617 of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956), or any society registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860 (21 of 1860), or any other law for the time being in force, wholly or substantially financed by the Central Government, from the provisions of sub-sections (1) and (2). (4) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), but subject to any rules which may be made in this behalf, a person holding a licence under Section 44 to carry on the business as a taxidermist may put under a process of taxidermy any scheduled animal or any part thereof--
for or on behalf of the Government or any corporation or society exempted under sub-section (3), or
with the previous authorisation in writing of the Chief Wild Life Warden, for and on behalf of any person for educational or scientific purposes.
Amendment notes (2)
- Ins w.e.f. 25-11-1986 . Ins. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 3 (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 34, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
49C. Declaration by dealers
49C. Declaration by dealers.--(1) Every person carrying on the business or occupation referred to in sub-section (1) of Section 49B shall, within thirty days from the specified date declare to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer--
his stocks, if any, as at the end of the specified date of--
scheduled animal articles;
scheduled animals and parts thereof;
trophies and uncured trophies derived from scheduled animals;
captive animals being scheduled animals; [(v) ivory imported into India or articles made therefrom;]
the place or places at which the stocks mentioned in the declaration are kept; and
the description of such items, if any, the stocks mentioned in the declaration which he desires to retain with himself for his bona fide personal use.
On receipt of a declaration under sub-section (1), the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may take all or any of the measures specified in section 41 and for this purpose, the provisions of section 41 shall, so far as may be, apply.
Where, in a declaration made under sub-section (1), the person making the declaration expresses his desire to retain with himself any of the items of the stocks specified in the declaration for his bona fide personal use, the Chief Wild Life Warden, with the prior approval of the Director, may, if he is satisfied that the person is in lawful possession of such items, issue certificates of ownership in favour of such person with respect to all, or as the case may be, such of the items as in the opinion of the Chief Wild Life Warden, are required for the bona fide personal use of such person and affix upon such items identification marks in such manner as may be prescribed:
Provided that no such item shall be kept in any commercial premises.
No person shall obliterate or counterfeit any identification mark referred to in sub-section (3).
An appeal shall lie against any refusal to grant certificate of ownership under sub-section (3) and the provisions of sub-sections (2), (3) and (4) of section 46 shall, so far as may be, apply in relation to appeals under this sub-section.
Where a person who has been issued a certificate of ownership under sub-section (3) in respect of any item--
transfers such item to any person, whether by way of gift, sale or otherwise, or
transfers or transports from the State in which he resides to another State any such item, he shall, within thirty days of such transfer or transport, report the transfer or transport to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer within whose jurisdiction the transfer or transport is effected.
No person, other than a person who has been issued a certificate of ownership under sub-section (3), shall on and after the specified date keep under his control, sell or offer for sale or transfer to any person [any scheduled animal, a scheduled animal article, or ivory imported into India or any article made therefrom.]
Amendment notes (3)
- Ins w.e.f. 25-11-1986 . Ins. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 3 (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 35 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 35, ibid., for "any scheduled animal or a scheduled animal article" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
49D. Definitions
49D. Definitions. --In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires,--
"artificially propagated" means plants which have been grown under controlled conditions from plant materials grown under similar conditions;
"bred in captivity" means produced from parents in captivity;
"Convention" means the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora signed at Washington D.C., in the United States of America on the 3rd of March, 1973, and amended at Bonn on the 22nd of June, 1979, its appendices, decisions, resolutions and notifications made thereunder and its amendments, to the extent binding on India;
"export" means export from India to any other country of a specimen;
"import" means import into India from any other country of a specimen;
"introduction from the sea" means transportation into India of specimens of any species which were taken from the marine environment not under the jurisdiction of India or any other country;
"Management Authority" means the Management Authority designated under section 49E;
"readily recognisable part or derivative" includes any specimen which appears from an accompanying document, the packaging or a mark or label, or from any other circumstances, to be a part or derivative of an animal or plant of a species listed in Schedule IV;
"re-export" means export of any specimen that has previously been imported;
"Scientific Authority" means a Scientific Authority designated under section 49F;
"scheduled specimen" means any specimen of a species listed in Appendices I, II or III of the Convention and incorporated as such in Schedule IV;
"species" means any species, sub-species, or geographically separate population thereof;
"specimen" means--
any animal or plant, whether alive or dead;
in the case of an animal,--
for species included in Appendices I and II of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or derivative thereof;
for species included in Appendix III of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or derivative thereof specified in Appendix III of Schedule IV in relation to the species; and
in the case of a plant,--
for species included in Appendix I of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or derivative thereof;
for species included in Appendices II and III of Schedule IV, any readily recognisable part or derivative thereof specified in Appendices II and III of Schedule IV in relation to the species;
"trade" means export, re-export, import and introduction from the sea.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49E. Designation of Management Authority
49E. Designation of Management Authority. -- (1) The Central Government shall, by notification, designate an officer not below the rank of an Additional Director General of Forests as the Management Authority for discharging the functions and exercising the powers under this Act.
The Management Authority shall be responsible for issuance of permits and certificates for trade of scheduled specimens in accordance with the Convention, submission of reports, and shall perform such other functions as may be necessary to implement the provisions of the Convention.
The Management Authority shall prepare and submit annual and biennial reports to the Central Government.
The Central Government may appoint such officers and employees as may be necessary to assist the Management Authority in discharging its functions or exercising its powers under this Chapter, on such terms and conditions of service including salaries and allowances as may be prescribed.
The Management Authority may, with the prior approval of the Central Government, delegate its functions or powers, to such officers not below the rank of the Assistant Inspector General of Forests, as it may consider necessary for the purposes of this Chapter.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49F. Designation of Scientific Authority
49F. Designation of Scientific Authority.--(1) The Central Government shall, by notification, designate one or more institutes engaged in research on species as Scientific Authority for the purposes of this Chapter, for fulfilling the functions under the Convention.
The designated Scientific Authority shall advise the Management Authority in such matters as may be referred to it by the Management Authority.
The Scientific Authority shall monitor the export permits granted for specimens of species listed in Appendix II of Schedule IV and the actual export of such specimens.
Whenever a Scientific Authority is of the opinion that the export of specimens of such species requires to be limited in order to maintain that species throughout its range at a level consistent with its role in the ecosystems in which it occurs and well above the level at which that species might become eligible for inclusion in Appendix I of the Convention, it shall advise the Management Authority to take such appropriate measures to limit the grant of export permits for specimens of that species as the Scientific Authority may deem necessary for said purpose.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49G. Directions of Central Government
[49G. Directions of Central Government. --The Management Authority and the Scientific Authorities, shall, while performing their duties and exercising powers under this Chapter, be subject to such general or special directions, as the Central Government may, from time to time, give.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49H. International trade in Scheduled specimen and restriction in respect thereof
49H. International trade in scheduled specimen and restriction in respect thereof.--(1) No person shall engage in trade of scheduled specimens except as provided for under this Chapter.
The Central Government shall prescribe the conditions and procedures by which the exemptions contained in Article VII of the Convention may be availed.
Every person engaging in trade of a scheduled specimen shall report the details of the scheduled specimen and the transaction to the Management Authority or the officer authorised by it in such manner as may be prescribed.
Every person engaging in trade of a scheduled specimen, shall present it for clearance to the Management Authority or the officer authorised by it or a customs officer only at the ports of exit and entry as may be specified by the Central Government.
The form and manner of making an application for a permit or certificate to trade in a scheduled specimen, the fee payable therefor, the conditions subject to which the permit or certificate may be granted, and the procedure to be followed in granting or cancelling such permit or certificate, shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49-I. Conditions for scheduled specimens
49-I. Conditions for export of scheduled specimens.--(1) The export of any specimen of species included in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of an export permit.
The export of any specimen of species included in Appendix III of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of an export permit if the species has been listed in Appendix III of the Convention by India or a certificate of origin in other cases.
An export permit shall not be granted unless--
the Management Authority is satisfied that the specimen concerned has not been obtained in contravention of any law for the time being in force relating to protection of fauna and flora;
the Management Authority is satisfied that any living specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimise the risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment;
in the case of a specimen of a species listed in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV, the Scientific Authority has advised that the export will not be detrimental to the survival of that species; and
in the case of specimens of species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV, an import permit has been granted by the competent authority of the country of destination.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
Chapter VB REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA AS PER CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA
49J. Conditions for import of scheduled specimens
49J. Conditions for import of scheduled specimens.-- (1) The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix I of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of an import permit and either an export permit or a re-export certificate from the country of export.
An import permit for a specimen of a species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV shall not be granted unless--
the Management Authority is satisfied that the specimen concerned will not be used for primarily commercial purposes;
the Scientific Authority has advised that the import will be for purposes which are not detrimental to the survival of the species; and
the Scientific Authority is satisfied that the proposed recipient of a living specimen is suitably equipped to house and care for it.
The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix II of Schedule IV shall require the prior presentation of either an export permit or a re-export certificate issued by the country of export.
The import of any specimen of a species included in Appendix III of Schedule IV shall require the prior presentation of--
a certificate of origin; or
in the case where the import is from a country which has included the species in Appendix III of the Convention, an export permit; or
a re-export certificate granted by the country of re-export.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49K. Conditions for re-export of scheduled specimens
49K. Conditions for re-export of scheduled specimens.--(1) The re-export of any specimen of species included in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of a re-export certificate.
A re-export certificate shall not be granted unless--
the Management Authority is satisfied that any specimen to be re-exported was imported in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter and of the Convention;
the Management Authority is satisfied that any living specimen will be so prepared and shipped as to minimise the risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment; and
in the case of any living specimen of species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV, the Management Authority is satisfied that an import permit has been granted.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49L. Conditions for introfuction from sea of scheduled specimens
49L. Conditions for introduction from sea of scheduled specimens.--(1) The introduction from the sea of a specimen of a species included in Appendices I or II of Schedule IV shall require the prior grant and presentation of a certificate of introduction from the sea.
A certificate of introduction from the sea shall not be granted unless--
the Scientific Authority has advised that the introduction of any specimen will not be detrimental to the survival of the species;
in the case of a specimen of a species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV, the Management Authority is satisfied that it is not to be used for primarily commercial purposes and that the proposed recipient of any living specimen is suitably equipped to house and care for it; and
in the case of a living specimen of a species listed in Appendix II of Schedule IV, the Management Authority is satisfied that it will be so handled as to minimise the risk of injury, damage to health or cruel treatment.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49M. Possession transfer and breeding of living scheduled animal species
49M. Possession, transfer and breeding of living scheduled animal species. --- (1) Every person possessing a living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV shall report the details of such specimen or specimens in his possession to the Management Authority or the authorised officer:
Provided that the Central Government may exempt one or more specimens of any animal species included in Schedule IV from such declaration for such quantity and for such period as it may deem fit.
The Management Authority or the authorised officer may, on being satisfied that a person was in possession of a living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV which had not been obtained in contravention of any law relating to protection of fauna and flora, issue a registration certificate allowing the owner to retain such specimen.
Any person who transfers possession, by any means whatsoever, of any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV shall report the details to the Management Authority or the authorised officer.
The Management Authority or the authorised officer shall register all transfers of living specimens of animal species listed in Schedule IV and issue the transferee with a registration certificate.
Any person in possession of any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV which bears any offspring shall report the birth of such offspring to the Management Authority or the authorised officer.
The Management Authority or the authorised officer shall on receipt of the report under subsection (5) register any offspring born to any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV and issue the owner with a registration certificate.
Any person in possession of any living specimen of an animal species listed in Schedule IV which dies shall report such death to the Management Authority or the authorised officer.
No person shall possess, transfer or breed any living specimen of any animal species listed in Schedule IV except in conformity with this section and the rules made by the Central Government in this behalf.
The form, manner and period for reporting possession, transfers, and births, deaths, and registration of the same under this section shall be as prescribed by the Central Government.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49N. Application for Licence by breeders of Appendix I species
49N. Application for Licence by breeders of Appendix I species.--(1) Every person who is engaged in breeding in captivity or artificially propagating any scheduled specimen listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV shall make, within a period of ninety days of the commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 2022, an application for a licence to the Chief Wild Life Warden.
The form and manner of the application to be made to the Chief Wild Life Warden under sub-section (1), the fee payable, the form of licence, the procedure to be followed in granting or cancelling the licence shall be such as may be prescribed by the Central Government.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49-O. Licence of breeders of Appendix I species
49-O. Licence of breeders of Appendix I species.-- (1) On receipt of application under sub-section (1) of section 49N, the Chief Wild Life Warden shall, if--
the application is in the prescribed form;
the resolutions of the Convention relating to breeding in captivity or artificial propagation of species listed in Appendix I of Schedule IV are satisfied; and
the provisions of the Act and rules made thereunder have been duly complied with, record an entry of the statement in a register and grant the applicant a licence.
The Chief Wild Life Warden shall, if the provisions or resolutions of the Convention or this Act and any rules made hereunder have not been complied with, or if a false particular is furnished, refuse or cancel the licence as the case may be after providing the applicant with an opportunity of being heard.
The licence under sub-section (1) shall be issued for a period of two years and may be renewed after two years on payment of such fee as may be prescribed.
Any person aggrieved by the refusal of the Chief Wild Life Warden or cancellation of licence under sub-section (2) may prefer an appeal to the State Government within a period of sixty days in such manner as may be prescribed.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
Chapter VB REGULATION OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA AS PER CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN ENDANGERED SPECIES OF WILD FAUNA AND FLORA
49P. Prohibition on alteration, etc
[49P. Prohibition on alteration, etc.-- No person shall alter, deface, erase or remove a mark of identification affixed upon the scheduled specimen or its package.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49Q. Species and scheduled specimens to be Government property
49Q. Species and scheduled specimens to be Government property.-- (1) Every species or scheduled specimen, in respect of which any offence against this Act or rules made thereunder has been committed, shall become the property of the Central Government and the provisions of section 39 shall, without prejudice to the Customs Act, 1962 (52 of 1962), apply, mutatis mutandis, in relation to species and scheduled specimens as they apply in relation to wild animals, captive animals and animal articles.
Where a living specimen of a species listed in Schedule IV has been seized under this Act or the Customs Act, 1962 (52 of 1962) or any other law for the time being in force as a result of import into India in contravention of this Act, the Management Authority shall, after consultation with the country of export, return the specimen to that country at the expense of that country, or ensure that it is housed and cared for by a recognised zoo or rescue centre in case it cannot be returned to the country of export.
The Management Authority may for such purposes consult the Scientific Authority as it deems appropriate.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
49R. Application of provisions of Act in respect of species listed in Schedule I or II and Schedule IV
49R. Application of provisions of Act in respect of species listed in Schedule I or II and Schedule IV. -- (1) Where the same species is listed in Schedule I or II and Schedule IV, then, the provisions of this Act applicable to such species listed in Schedule I or II and the rules made thereunder shall apply.
Nothing in sections 49M, 49N or 49-O shall apply to a species listed in Schedule I or Schedule II if the same species is also listed in Scheduled IV.
The provisions of this Chapter shall be subject to the provisions of Chapters III, IIIA, IVA, V, VA and VIA and without prejudice to anything contained therein.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 30 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
Chapter VIPREVENTION AND DETECTION OF OFFENCES
50. Power of entry, search, arrest and detention
Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the Director or any other officer authorised by him in this behalf [or the Management Authority or any officer authorised by the Management Authority] or the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer or any forest officer or any police officer not below the rank of a sub- inspector [or any customs officer not below the rank of an inspector or any officer of the coast guard not below the rank of an Assistant Commandant], may, if he has reasonable grounds for believing that any person has committed an offence against this Act,--
require any such person to produce for inspection any captive animal, wild animal, animal article, meat, trophy or [trophy, uncured trophy, specified plant or part or derivative thereof [or scheduled specimen]] in his control, custody or possession, or any licence, permit or other document granted to him or required to be kept by him under the provisions of this Act;
stop any vehicle or vessel in order to conduct search or inquiry or enter upon and search any premises, land, vehicle or vessel, in the occupation of such person, and open and search any baggage or other things in his possession;
seize any captive animal, wild animal, animal article, meat, trophy or uncured trophy, or any specified plant or part or derivative thereof, in respect of which an offence against this Act appears to have been committed, in the possession of any person together with any trap, tool, vehicle, vessel or weapon used for committing any such offence and, unless he is satisfied that such person will appear and answer any charge which may be preferred against him, arrest him without warrant, anddetain him: * * * * *
Provided that where a fisherman, residing within ten kilometres of a sanctuary or National Park, inadvertently enters on a boat, not used for commercial fishing, in the territorial waters in that sanctuary or National Park, a fishing tackle or net on such boat shall not be seized.
It shall be lawful for any of the officers referred to in sub-section (1) to stop and detainany person, whom he sees doing any act for which a licence or permit is required under the provisions of this Act, for the purposes of requiring such person to produce the licence or permit and if such person fails to produce the licence or permit, as the case may be, he may be arrested without warrant, unless he furnishes his name and address, and otherwise satisfies the officer arresting him that he will duly answer any summons or other proceedings which may be taken against him.
Any officer of a rank not inferior to that of an Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation or [an Assistant Conservator of Forests who, or whose subordinate, has seized any captive animal or wild animal under clause (c) of sub-section (1) may give the same for custody on the execution by any person of a bond for the production of such animal if and when so required, before the Magistrate having jurisdiction to try the offence on account of which the seizure has been made.]
Any person detained, or things seized under the foregoing power, shall forthwith be taken before a Magistrate to be dealt with according to law [under intimation to the Chief Wild Life Warden or the officer authorised by him in this regard.]
Any person who, without reasonable cause, fails to produce anything, which he is required to produce under this section, shall be guilty of an offence against this Act. [(6) Where any meat, uncured trophy, specified plant or part or derivative thereof is seized under the provisions of this section, the Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation or any other officer of a gazetted rank authorised by him in this behalf or the Chief Wild Life Warden or the authorised officer may arrange for the disposal of the same in such manner as may be prescribed.]
Whenever any person is approached by any of the officers referred to in sub-section (1) for assistance in the prevention or detection of an offence against this Act, or in apprehending persons charged with the violation of this Act, or for seizure in accordance with clause (c) of sub-section (1), it shall be the duty of such person or persons to render such assistance.
Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, any officer not below the rank of an Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation or [an officer not below the rank of Assistant Conservator of Forests authorised by the State Government in this behalf] shall have the powers, for purposes of making investigation into any offence against any provision of this Act--
to issue a search warrant;
to enforce the attendance of witnesses;
to compel the discovery and production of documents and material objects; and
to receive and record evidence.
Any evidence recorded under clause (d) of sub-section (8) shall be admissible in any subsequent trial before a Magistrate provided that it has been taken in the presence of the accused person.
Amendment notes (11)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 31 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by s. 31, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 36, ibid., for "trophy or uncured trophy" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 31 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 36, for clause (c) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Sub-section (2) omitted by s. 36, ibid (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by s. 36, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 29, for "Wild Life Warden," (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by s. 29, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s. 29, ibid., for sub-section (6) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991 s. 36 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
51. Penalties
Any person who [contravenes any provision of this Act [(except Chapter VA and section 38J)]]or any rule or order made thereunder or who commits a breach of any of the conditions of any licence or permit granted under this Act, shall be guilty of an offence against this Act, and shall, on conviction, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to [three years], or with fine which may extend to [one lakh rupees], or with both: [(1A) Any person who contravenes any provisions of Chapter VA, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than [three years] but which may extend to seven years and also with fine which shall not be less than [twenty-five thousand rupees].]
Provided that where the offence committed is in relation to any animal specified in Schedule I *** or meat of any such animal or animal article, trophy or uncured trophy derived from such animal or where the offence relates to hunting in a sanctuary or a National Park or altering the boundaries of a sanctuary or a National Park [or where the offence relates to a specimen of a species listed on Appendix I of Schedule IV], such offence shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than three years but may extend to seven years and also with fine which shall not be less than [twentyfive thousand rupees]:
Provided further that in the case of a second or subsequent offence of the nature mentioned in this sub-section, the term of the imprisonment shall not be less than three years but may extend to seven years and also with fine which shall not be less than [one lakh rupees].
Any person who contravenes the provisions of section 38J, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or with fine which may extend to two thousand rupees, or with both:
Provided that in the case of a second or subsequent offence the term of imprisonment may extend to one year or the fine may extend to five thousand rupees.
When any person is convicted of an offence against this Act, the Court trying the offence may order that any captive animal, wild animal, animal article, trophy,[uncured trophy, meat, ivory imported into India or an article made from such ivory, any specified plant, or part or derivative thereof] in respect of which the offence has been committed, and any trap, tool, vehicle, vessel or weapon, used in the commission of the said offence be forfeited to the State Government and that any licence or permit, held by such person under the provisions of this Act, be cancelled.
Such cancellation of licence or permit or such forfeiture shall be in addition to any other punishment that may be awarded for such offence.
Where any person is convicted of an offence against this Act, the Court may direct that the licence, if any, granted to such person under the Arms Act, 1959 (54 of 1959), for possession of any arm with which an offence against this Act has been committed, shall be cancelled and that such person shall not be eligible for a licence under the Arms Act, 1959, for a period of five years from the date of conviction. [(5) Nothing contained in section 360 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974), or in the Probation of Offenders Act, 1958 (20 of 1958), shall apply to a person convicted of an offence with respect to hunting in a sanctuary or a National Park or of an offence against any provision of Chapter VA unless such person is under eighteen years of age.] STATE AMENDMENT Assam Amendment of section 51.--In the principal Act, in section 51, in sub-section (1),
in the first proviso,--
in between the words "hunting in" and "a sanctuary" the words "or outside the boundary of" shall be inserted;
for the words "three years", "seven years" and "ten thousand", the words" seven years", "ten years" and "fifty thousand" respectively shall be substituted.
in the second proviso, for the words "three years", "seven years" and "twenty five thousand", the words "ten years", "life imprisonment" and "seventy five thousand" respectively, shall be substituted. [Vide Assam Act 31 of 2010, s. 2].
Amendment notes (15)
- Subs w.e.f. 25-11-1986 . Subs. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 4, for "contravenes any provision of this Act" (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 37, ibid., for "(except Chapter VA)" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 37, ibid., for "two years" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 32, for "twenty-five thousand rupees" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023), earlier subs. by s. 37, Act 44 of 1991, for "two thousand rupees" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 30, for the first and second provisos (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . The words and figures "or Part II of Schedule II" omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 32 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 32, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 32, ibid., for "ten thousand rupees" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 32, ibid., for "twenty-five thousand rupees" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 25-11-1986 . Ins. by Act 28 of 1986, s. 4 (w.e.f. 25-11-1986).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 30, for "one year" (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s. 30, ibid., for "five thousand rupees" (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 37 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 37,ibid., for "uncured trophy or meat" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 37. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
51A. Certain conditions to apply while granting bail
51A. Certain conditions to apply while granting bail.--When any person accused of, the commission of any offence relating to Schedule I *** or offences relating to hunting inside the boundaries of National Park or wild life sanctuary or altering the boundaries of such parks and sanctuaries, is arrested under the provisions of the Act, then notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974) no such person who had been previously convicted of an offence under this Act shall, be released on bail unless--
the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity of opposing the release on bail; and
where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the Court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that he is not guilty of such offence and that he is not likely to commit any offence while on bail. STATE AMENDMENT Assam Insertion of section 51B.--In the principal Act, after section 51A, the following new section 51B shall be inserted, namely:-- 51B. Offences to be cognizable, non bailabale and triable by the Court of Sessions.--(1) Every offence punishable under this Act shall be congnizable and non-bailable within the meaning of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973.
Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, no person accused of an offence punishable under this Act, shall be released on bail unless--
the Public Prosecutor has been given an opportunity to oppose the application for such release; and
where the Public Prosecutor opposes the application, the court is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for believing that the accused is not likely to commit any offence while on bail.
The offences under this Act, shall be triable by the Court of Sessions of the respective jurisdiction. [Vide Assam Act 31 of 2010, s. 3].
Amendment notes (2)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 31 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- omitted w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . The words and figures "or Part II of Schedule II" omitted by Act 18 of 2022, s. 33 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
52. Attempts and abetment
Whoever attempts to contravene, or abets the contravention of, any of the provisions of this Act or of any rule or order made thereunder shall be deemed to have contravened that provision or rule or order, as the case may be.
53. Punishment for wrongful seizure
If any person, exercising powers under this Act, vexatiously and unnecessarily seizes the property of any other person on the pretence of seizing it for the reasons mentioned in section 50 he shall, on conviction, be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months, or with fine which may extend to five hundred rupees, or with both.
54. Power to compound offences
54. Power to compound offence.-- (1) The Central Government may, by notification, empower the Director of Wild Life Preservation or any other officer not below the rank of Assistant Director of Wild Life Preservation and in the case of a State Government in the similar manner, empower the Chief Wild Life Warden or any officer of a rank not below the rank of a Deputy Conservator of Forests, to accept from any person against whom a reasonable suspicion exists that he has committed an offence against this Act, payment of a sum of money by way of composition of the offence which such person is suspected to have committed.
On payment of such sum of money to such officer, the suspected person, if in custody, shall be discharged and no further proceedings in respect of the offence shall be taken against such person.
The officer compounding any offence may order the cancellation of any licence or permit granted under this Act to the offender, or if not empowered to do so, may approach an officer so empowered, for the cancellation of such licence or permit.
The sum of money accepted or agreed to be accepted as composition under sub-section (1) shall, in no case, exceed the sum of [five lakh rupees]:
Provided that no offence, for which a minimum period of imprisonment has been prescribed in section 51, shall be compounded.
Amendment notes (2)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s. 32, ibid., for section 54 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 34, for "twenty-five thousand rupees" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
55. Cognizance of offences
55. Cognizance of offences.-- No court shall take cognizance of any offence against this Act on the complaint of any person other than--
the Director of Wild Life Preservation or any other officer authorised in this behalf by the Central Government; or [(aa) the Member-Secretary, Central Zoo Authority in matters relating to violation of the provisions of Chapter IVA; or] [(ab) Member-Secretary, Tiger Conservation Authority; or]
Director of the concerned tiger reserve; or [(ad) the Management Authority or any officer, including an officer of the Wild Life Crime Control Bureau, authorised in this behalf by the Central Government; or]
the Chief Wild Life Warden, or any other officer authorised in this behalf by the State Government [subject to such conditions as may be specified by that Government]; or [(bb) the officer-in-charge of the zoo in respect of violation of provisions of section 38J; or]
any person who has given notice of not less than sixty days, in the manner prescribed, of the alleged offence and of his intention to make a complaint, to the Central Government or the State Government or the officer authorised as aforesaid..
the Chief Wild Life Warden, or any other officer authorised in this behalf by the State Government [subject to such conditions as may be specified by that Government]; or [(bb) the officer-in-charge of the zoo in respect of violation of provisions of section 38J; or]
any person who has given notice of not less than sixty days, in the manner prescribed, of the alleged offence and of his intention to make a complaint, to the Central Government or the State Government or the officer authorised as aforesaid.
Amendment notes (6)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 39, for section 55 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 33 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 4 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 35 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 33 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 33 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
56. Operation of other laws not barred
Nothing in this Act shall be deemed to prevent any person from being prosecuted under any other law for the time being in force, for any act or omission which constitutes an offence against this Act or from being liable under such other law to any higher punishment or penalty than that provided by this Act: Provided that no person shall be punished twice for the same offence.
57. Presumption to be made in certain cases
Where, in any prosecution for an offence against this Act, it is established that a person is in possession, custody or control of any [wild animal, captive animal], animal article, meat, [trophy, uncured trophy, specified plant, or part or derivative thereof [or scheduled specimen]] it shall be presumed, until the contrary is proved, the burden of proving which shall lie on the accused, that such person is in unlawful possession, custody or control of such [wild animal, captive animal], animal article, meat, [trophy, uncured trophy, specified plant, or part or derivative thereof [or scheduled specimen].]
Amendment notes (3)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 36, for "captive animal" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 40, for "trophy or uncured trophy" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 36 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
58. Offences by Companies
Where an offence against this Act has been committed by a company, every person who, at the time the offence was committed, was in charge of, and was responsible to, the company for the conduct of the business of the company as well as the company, shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly:
Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall render any such person liable to any punishment, if he proves that the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence.
Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence against this Act has been committed by a company and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary or other officer of the company, such director, manager, secretary or other officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
Explanation.--For the purposes of this section,--
"company" means any body corporate and includes a firm or other association of individuals; and
"director", in relation to a firm, means a partner in the firm.
58A. Application
58A. Application.-- The provisions of this Chapter shall apply only to the following persons, namely:--
every person who has been convicted of an offence punishable under this Act with imprisonment for a term of three years or more;
every associate of a person referred to in clause (a);
any holder (hereafter in this clause referred to as the present holder) of any property which was at any time previously held by a person referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) unless the present holder or, as the case may be, any one who held such property after such person and before the present holder, is or was a transferee in good faith for adequate consideration.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58B. Definitions
58B. Definitions.-- In this Chapter, unless the context otherwise requires,--
"Appellate Tribunal" means the Appellate Tribunal for Forfeited Property constituted under section 58N;
"associate" in relation to a person whose property is liable to be forfeited under this Chapter, includes--
any individual who had been or is managing the affairs or keeping the accounts of such person;
any association of persons, body of individuals, partnership firm or private company within the meaning of the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956) of which such person had been or is a member, partner or director;
any individual who had been or is a member, partner or director of an association of persons, body of individuals, partnership firm or private company referred to in sub-clause (ii) at any time when such person had been or is a member, partner or director of such association, body, partnership firm or private company;
any person, who had been or is managing the affairs, or keeping the accounts of any association of persons, body of individuals, partnership firm or private company referred to in sub-clause (iii);
the trustee of any trust, where,--
the trust has been created by such person; or
the value of the assets contributed by such person (including the value of the assets, if any, contributed by him earlier) to the trust amounts on the date on which contribution is made, to not less than twenty per cent. of the value of the assets of the trust on that date;
where the competent authority, for reasons to be recorded in writing, considers that any properties of such person are held on his behalf by any other person, such other person;
"competent authority" means an officer authorised under section 58D;
"concealment" means the concealment or disguise of the nature, source, disposition, movement or ownership of property and includes the movement or conversion of such property by electronic transmission or by any other means;
"freezing" means temporarily prohibiting the transfer, conversion, disposition or movement of property by an order issued under section 58F;
"identifying" includes establishment of proof that the property was derived from, or used in, the illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products;
"illegally acquired property" in relation to any person to whom this Chapter applies, means,--
any property acquired by such person, wholly or partly out of or by means of any income, earnings or assets derived or obtained from or attributable to illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products and derivatives;
any property acquired by such person, for a consideration or by any means, wholly or partly traceable to any property referred to in sub-clause (i) or the income or earning from such property, and includes--
any property held by such person which would have been, in relation to any previous holder thereof, illegally acquired property under this clause if such previous holder had not ceased to hold it, unless such person or any other person who held the property at any time after such previous holder or, where there are two or more such previous holders, the last of such previous holders is or was a transferee in good faith for adequate consideration;
any property acquired by such person, for a consideration, or by any means, wholly or partly traceable to any property falling under item (A), or the income or earnings therefrom;
"property" means property and assets of every description, whether corporeal or incorporeal, movable or immovable, tangible or intangible and deeds and instruments evidencing title to, or interest in, such property or assets, derived from the illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products;
"relative" means--
spouse of the person;
brother or sister of the person;
brother or sister of the spouse of the person;
any lineal ascendant or descendant of the person;
any lineal ascendant or descendant of the spouse of the person;
spouse of a person referred to in sub-clause (2), sub-clause (3), sub-clause (4) or sub-clause (5);
any lineal descendant of a person referred to in sub-clause (2) or sub-clause (3);
"tracing" means determining the nature, source, disposition, movement, title or ownership of property;
"trust" includes any other legal obligation.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58C. Prohibition of holding illegally acquired property
58C. Prohibition of holding illegally acquired property. -- (1) From the date of commencement of this Chapter, it shall not be lawful for any person to whom this Chapter applies to hold any illegally acquired property either by himself or through any other person on his behalf.
Where any person holds such property in contravention of the provisions of sub-section (1), such property shall be liable to be forfeited to the State Government concerned in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter:
Provided that no property shall be forfeited under this Chapter if such property was acquired by a person to whom this Act applies before a period of six years from the date on which he was charged for an offence relating to illegal hunting and trade of wild life and its products.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58D. Competent authority
[58D. Competent authority.-- The State Government may, by order published in the Official Gazette, authorise any officer not below the rank of Chief Conservator of Forests to perform the functions of the competent authority under this Chapter in respect of such persons or classes of persons as the State Government may, direct].
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58E. Identifying illegally acquired property
58E. Identifying illegally acquired property.-- (1) An officer not below the rank of Deputy Inspector General of Police duly authorised by the Central Government or as the case may be, the State Government, shall, on receipt of a complaint from the competent authority about any person having illegally acquired property, proceed to take all steps necessary for tracing and identifying any property illegally acquired by such person.
The steps referred to in sub-section (1) may include any inquiry, investigation or survey in respect of any person, place, property, assets, documents, books of account in any bank or financial institution or any other relevant step as may be necessary.
Any inquiry, investigation or survey referred to in sub-section (2) shall be carried out by an officer mentioned in sub-section (1) in accordance with such directions or guidelines as the competent authority may make or issue in this behalf.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58F. Seizure or freezing of illegally acquired property
58F. Seizure or freezing of illegally acquired property.-- (1) Where any officer conducting an inquiry or investigation under section 58E has reason to believe that any property in relation to which such inquiry or investigation is being conducted is an illegally acquired property and such property is likely to be concealed, transferred or dealt with in any manner which may result in frustrating any proceeding relating to forfeiture of such property under this Chapter, he may make an order for seizing such property and where it is not practicable to seize such property, he may make an order that such property shall not be transferred or otherwise dealt with, except with the prior permission of the officer making such order, or of the competent authority and a copy of such order shall be served on the person concerned:
Provided that a copy of such an order shall be sent to the competent authority within forty-eight hours of its being made.
Any order made under sub-section (1) shall have no effect unless the said order is confirmed by an order of the competent authority within a period of thirty days of its being made.
Explanation.-- For the purposes of this section, "transfer of property" means any disposition, conveyance, assignment, settlement, delivery, payment or other alienation of property and, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, includes--
the creation of a trust in property;
the grant or creation of any lease, mortgage, charge, easement, licence, power, partnership or interest in property;
the exercise of a power of appointment, of property vested in any person not the owner of the property, to determine its disposition in favour of any person other than the donee of the power; and
any transaction entered into by any person with intent thereby to diminish directly or indirectly the value of his own property and to increase the value of the property of any other person.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58G. Management of properties seized or forfeited under this Chapter
58G. Management of properties seized or forfeited under this Chapter.-- (1) The State Government may, by order published in the Official Gazette, appoint as many of its officers (not below the rank of Conservator of Forests) as it thinks fit, to perform the functions of an Administrator.
The Administrator appointed under sub-section (1) shall receive and manage the property in relation to which an order has been made under sub-section (1) of section 58F or under section 58-I in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed.
The Administrator shall also take such measures as the State Government may direct, to dispose of the property which is forfeited to the State Government.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58H. Notice of forfeiture of property
58H. Notice of forfeiture of property.-- (1) If having regard to the value of the properties held by any person to whom this Chapter applies, either by himself or through any other person on his behalf, his known sources of income, earnings or assets, and any other information or material available to it as a result of a report from any officer making an investigation under section 58E or otherwise, the competent authority for reasons to be recorded in writing believes that all or any of such properties are illegally acquired properties, it may serve a notice upon such person (hereinafter referred to as the person affected) calling upon him within a period of thirty days specified in the notice to show cause why all or any of such properties, as the case may be, should not be declared to be illegally acquired properties and forfeited to the State Government under this Chapter and in support of his case indicate the sources of his income, earnings or assets, out of which or by means of which he has acquired such property, the evidence on which he relies and other relevant information and particulars.
Where a notice under sub-section (1) to any person specifies any property as being held on behalf of such person by any other person, a copy of the notice shall also be served upon such other person.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58I. Forfeiture of property in certain cases
58-I. Forfeiture of property in certain cases.-- (1) The competent authority may, after considering the explanation, if any, to the show cause notice issued under section 58H, and the materials available before it and after giving to the person affected and in a case where the person affected holds any property specified in the notice through any other person, to such other person, also a reasonable opportunity of being heard, by order, record a finding whether all or any of the properties in question are illegally acquired properties:
Provided that if the person affected (and in a case where the person affected holds any property specified in the notice through any other person, such other person also), does not appear before the competent authority or represent his case before it within a period of thirty days specified in the show cause notice, the competent authority may proceed to record a finding under this sub-section ex parte on the basis of evidence available before it.
Where the competent authority is satisfied that some of the properties referred to in the show cause notice are illegally acquired properties but is not able to identify specifically such properties, then, it shall be lawful for the competent authority to specify the properties which, to the best of its judgment, are illegally acquired properties and record a finding accordingly under sub-section (1) within a period of ninety days.
Where the competent authority records a finding under this section to the effect that any property is illegally acquired property, it shall declare that such property shall, subject to the provisions of this Chapter stand forfeited to the State Government free from all encumbrances.
In case the person affected establishes that the property specified in the notice issued under section 58H is not an illegally acquired property and therefore not liable to be forfeited under the Act, the said notice shall be withdrawn and the property shall be released forthwith.
Where any shares in a company stand forfeited to the State Government under this Chapter, the company shall, notwithstanding anything contained in the Companies Act, 1956 (1 of 1956) or the article of association of the company, forthwith register the State Government as the transferee of such shares.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
Chapter VIA FORFEITURE OF PROPERTY DERIVED FROM ILLEGAL HUNTING AND TRADE
58J. Burden of proof
[58J. Burden of proof. -- In any proceedings under this Chapter, the burden of proving that any property specified in the notice served under section 58H is not illegally acquired property shall be on the person affected.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58K. Fine in lieu of forfeiture
58K. Fine in lieu of forfeiture. -- (1) Where the competent authority makes a declaration that any property stands forfeited to the State Government under section 58-I and it is a case where the source of only a part of the illegally acquired property has not been proved to the satisfaction of the competent authority, it shall make an order giving option to the person affected to pay, in lieu of forfeiture, a fine equal to the market value of such part.
Before making an order imposing a fine under sub-section (1), the person affected shall be given a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
Where the person affected pays the fine due under sub-section (1), within such time as may be allowed in that behalf, the competent authority may, by order revoke the declaration of forfeiture under section 58-I and thereupon such property shall stand released.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58L. Procedure in relation to certain trust properties
58L. Procedure in relation to certain trust properties.-- In the case of any person referred to in sub-clause (vi) of clause (b) of section 58B, if the competent authority, on the basis of the information and materials available to it, for reasons to be recorded in writing believes that any property held in trust is illegally acquired property, it may serve a notice upon the author of the trust, or as the case may be, the contributor of the assets out of or by means of which such property was acquired by the trust and the trustees, calling upon them within a period of thirty days specified in the notice, to explain the source of money or other assets out of or by means of which such property was acquired or, as the case may be, the source of money or other assets which were contributed to the trust for acquiring such property and thereupon such notice shall be deemed to be a notice served under section 58H and all the other provisions of this Chapter shall apply accordingly.
Explanation.--For the purposes of this section "illegally acquired property" in relation to any property held in trust, includes--
any property which if it had continued to be held by the author of the trust or the contributor of such property to the trust would have been illegally acquired property in relation to such author or contributor;
any property acquired by the trust out of any contributions made by any person which would have been illegally acquired property in relation to such person had such person acquired such property out of such contributions.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58M. Certain transfer to be null and void
[58M. Certain transfers to be null and void.-- Where after the making of an order under sub-section (1) of section 58F or the issue of a notice under section 58H or under section 58L, any property referred to in the said order or notice is transferred by any mode whatsoever, such transfer shall, for the purposes of the proceedings under this Chapter, be ignored and if such property is subsequently forfeited to the State Government under section 58-I, then, the transfer of such property shall be deemed to be null and void.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58N. Constitution of Applellate Tribunal
58N. Constitution of Appellate Tribunal.-- (1) The State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, constitute an Appellate Tribunal to be called the Appellate Tribunal for Forfeited Property consisting of a Chairman, and such number of other members (being officers of the State Government not below the rank of a Principal Secretary to the Government), as the State Government thinks fit, to be appointed by that Government for hearing appeals against the orders made under section 58F, section 58-I, sub-section (1) of section 58K or section 58L.
The Chairman of the Appellate Tribunal shall be a person who is or has been or is qualified to be a Judge of a High Court.
The terms and conditions of service of the Chairman and other members shall be such as may be prescribed.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58O. Appeals
58-O. Appeals.-- (1) Any person aggrieved by an order of the competent authority made under section 58F, section 58-I, sub-section (1) of section 58K or section 58L may, within forty-five days from the date on which the order is served on him prefer an appeal to the Appellate Tribunal:
Provided that the Appellate Tribunal may entertain an appeal after the said period of forty-five days, but not after sixty days, from the date aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.
On receipt of an appeal under sub-section (1), the Appellate Tribunal may, after giving an opportunity of being heard to the appellant, if he so desires, and after making such further inquiry as it deems fit, confirm, modify or set aside the order appealed against.
The Appellate Tribunal may regulate its own procedure.
On application to the Appellate Tribunal and on payment of the prescribed fee, the Appellate Tribunal may allow a party to any appeal or any person authorised in this behalf by such party to inspect at any time during office hours, any relevant records and registers of the Appellate Tribunal and obtain a certified copy or any part thereof.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
Chapter VIA FORFEITURE OF PROPERTY DERIVED FROM ILLEGAL HUNTING AND TRADE
58P. Notice or order not to be invalid for error in description
[58P. Notice or order not to be invalid for error in description. -- No notice issued or served, no declaration made, and no order passed under this Chapter shall be deemed to be invalid by reason of any error in the description of the property or person mentioned therein if such property or person is identifiable from the description so mentioned.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58Q. Bar of Jurisdiction
[58Q. Bar of jurisdiction.-- No order passed or declaration made under this Chapter shall be appealable except as provided therein and no civil court shall have jurisdiction in respect of any matter which the Appellate Tribunal or any competent authority is empowered by or under this Chapter to determine, and no injunction shall be granted by any court or other authority in respect of any action taken or to be taken in pursuance of any power conferred by or under this Chapter.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58R. Competent Authority and Appellate Tribunal to have powers of civil court
58R. Competent Authority and Appellate Tribunal to have powers of civil court.--The competent authority and the Appellate Tribunal shall have all the powers of a civil court while trying a suit under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (5 of 1908) in respect of the following matters, namely:--
summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him on oath;
requiring the discovery and production of documents;
receiving evidence on affidavits;
requisitioning any public record or copy thereof from any court or office;
issuing commissions for examination of witnesses or documents;
any other matter which may be prescribed.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58S. Information to competent authority
58S. Information to competent authority.-- (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any other law for the time being in force, the competent authority shall have power to require any officer or authority of the Central Government or a State Government or a local authority to furnish information in relation to such persons, on points or matters as in the opinion of the competent authority will be useful for, or relevant to, the purposes of this Chapter.
Every officer referred to in section 58T may furnish suo motu any information available with him to the competent authority if in the opinion of the officer such information will be useful to the competent authority for the purposes of this Chapter.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58T. Certain officers to assist Administrator, competent authority and Appellate Tribunal
58T. Certain officers to assist Administrator, competent authority and Appellate Tribunal.-- For the purposes of any proceedings under this Chapter, the following officers shall render such assistance as may be necessary to the Administrator appointed under section 58G, competent authority and the Appellate Tribunal, namely:--
officers of Police;
officers of the State Forest Departments;
officers of the Central Economic Intelligence Bureau;
officers of the Directorate of Revenue Intelligence;
such other officers as specified by the State Government in this behalf by notification in the Official Gazette.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58U. Power to take possession
58U. Power to take possession. -- (1) Where any property has been declared to be forfeited to the State Government under this Chapter, or where the person affected has failed to pay the fine due under sub-section (1) of section 58K within the time allowed therefor under sub-section (3) of that section, the competent authority may order the person affected as well as any other person who may be in possession of the property to surrender or deliver possession thereof to the Administrator appointed under section 58G or to any person duly authorised by him in this behalf within thirty days of the service of the order.
If any person refuses or fails to comply with an order made under sub-section (1), the Administrator may take possession of the property and may for that purpose use such force as may be necessary.
Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2), the Administrator may, for the purpose of taking possession of any property referred to in sub-section (1) requisition the services of any police officer to assist him and it shall be the duty of such officer to comply with such requisition.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58V. Rectification of mistakes
58V. Rectification of mistakes.-- With a view to rectifying any mistake apparent from record, the competent authority or the Appellate Tribunal, as the case may be, may amend any order made by it within a period of one year from the date of the order:
Provided that if any such amendment is likely to affect any person prejudicially and the mistake is not of a clerical nature, it shall not be made without giving to such person a reasonable opportunity of being heard.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58W. Findings under other laws not conclusive for proceedings under this Chapter
[58W. Findings under other laws not conclusive for proceedings under this Chapter. --No finding of any officer or authority under any other law shall be conclusive for the purposes of any proceedings under this Chapter.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58X. Service of notices and orders
58X. Service of notices and orders.-- Any notice or order issued or made under this Chapter shall be served,
by tendering the notice or order or sending it by registered post to the person for whom it is intended or to his agent;
if the notice or order cannot be served in the manner provided in clause (a), then, by affixing it on a conspicuous place in the property in relation to which the notice or order is issued or made or on some conspicuous part of the premises in which the person for whom it is intended is known to have last resided or carried on business or personally worked for gain.
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
58Y. Punishment for acquiring property in relating to which proceeings have been taken under this Chapter
[58Y.Punishment for acquiring property in relation to which proceedings have been taken under this Chapter.-- Any person who knowingly acquires, by any mode whatsoever, any property in relation to which proceedings are pending under this Chapter shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to five years and with fine which may extend to fifty thousand rupees.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 34 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
Chapter VIIMISCELLANEOUS
59. Officers to be public servants
Every officer referred to [in Chapter II and the chairperson, members, member-secretary and other officers and employees referred to in Chapter IVA], [Chapter IVB] and every other officer exercising any of the powers conferred by this Act shall be deemed to be a public servant within the meaning of section 21 of the Indian Penal Code (45 of 1860).
Amendment notes (2)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 41, for "in Chapter II and" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 5 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
60. Protection of action taken in good faith
No-suit, prosecution or other legal proceeding shall lie against any officer or other employee of the Central Government or the State Government for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.
No suit or other legal proceeding shall lie against the Central Government or the State Government or any of its officers or other employees for any damage caused or likely to be caused by anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.
No suit or other legal proceeding shall lie against the Authority referred to in Chapter IVA [Chapter IVB and its chairperson, members, member-secretary, officers and other employees for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.]
Amendment notes (2)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 42 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 6 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
60A. Reward to persons
60A. Reward to persons.-- (1) When a court imposes a sentence of fine or a sentence of which fine forms a part, the Court may, when passing judgment, order that the reward be paid to a person who renders assistance in the detection of the offence or the apprehension of the offenders out of the proceeds of fine not exceeding [fifty per cent. of such fine.]
Where a case is compounded under Sec. 54, the officer compounding may order reward to be paid to a person who renders assistance in the detection of the offence or the apprehension of the offenders out of the sum of money accepted by way of composition not exceeding [fifty per cent. of such money].
Amendment notes (3)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 43 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 35, for "twenty per cent. of such fine" (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by s. 35, ibid., for "twenty per cent. of such money" (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
60B. Reward by State Government
[60B. Reward by State Government. -- The State Government may empower the Chief Wild Life Warden to order payment of reward not exceeding ten thousand rupees to be paid to a person who renders assistance in the detection of the offence or the apprehension of the offender, from such fund and in such manner as may be prescribed.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by s. 36, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
61. Power to alter entries in Schedules
The Central Government may, if it is of opinion that it is expedient so to do, by notification, [ [amend any Schedule or add] or delete any entry to or from any Schedule] or transfer any entry from one Part of a Schedule to another Part of the same Schedule or from one Schedule to another. * * * *
On the issue of a notification under sub-section (1), *** the relevant Schedule shall be deemed to be altered accordingly, provided that every such alteration shall be without prejudice to anything done or omitted to be done before such alteration. * * * * *
Provided that any such alteration made by the State Government, if it has been made with the previous consent of the Central Government, shall prevail in that State:
Provided further that nothing in the foregoing proviso shall prevent the Central Government from modifying or cancelling, at any time, the alteration made by the State Government.
Amendment notes (5)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 44, for "add any entry to any Schedule" (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 37, for "add" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Sub-section (2) omitted by s. 44, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . The words brackets and figure "or sub-section (2)" omitted by Act 44 of 1991, s. 44 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- omitted w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Sub-section (4) omitted by s. 44, ibid. (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
62. Declaration of certain wild animals to be vermin
[The Central Government] may, by notification, declare any wild animal [specified in Schedule II] to be vermin for any area and for such period as may be specified therein and so long as such notification is in force, such wild animal shall be [deemed not to be included in Schedule II for such area and for such period as specified in the notification].
Amendment notes (3)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 45, for certain words (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 38, for "other than those specified in Schedule I and Part II of Schedule II" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Subs. by s. 38, ibid., for "deemed to have been included in Schedule V" (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
62A. Regulation or prohibition of import, etc., of invasive alien species
62A. Regulation or prohibition of import, etc., of invasive alien species.--(1) The Central Government may, by notification, regulate or prohibit the import, trade, possession or proliferation of invasive alien species which pose a threat to the wild life or habitat in India.
The Central Government may authorise the Director or any other officer to seize and dispose of, including through destruction, the species referred to in the notification issued under sub-section (1).
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by s. 39, ibid (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
62B. Power to issue directions
[62B. Power to issue directions.--Notwithstanding any other provision of this Act, the Central Government may call for any information or report from a State Government or any such other agency or body or issue any direction to a State Government or any such other agency or body for effective implementation of the provisions of the Act for the protection, conservation and management of wild life in the country.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by s. 39, ibid (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
63. Power of Central Government to make rules
The Central Government may, by notification, make rules for all or any of the following matters, namely:--
conditions and other matters subject to which a licensee may keep any specified plant in his custody or possession under section17F; [(ai) the term of office of members other than those who are members ex officio; the manner of filling vacancies, the procedure to be followed by the National Board under sub-section (2) and allowances of those members under sub-section (3) of section 5A;] [(aa) the matters to be prescribed under clause (b) of sub-section (4) of section 44;]
the salaries, allowances and other conditions of appointment of chairperson, members and member-secretary under sub-section (5) of section 38B;
the terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Central Zoo Authority under sub-section (7) of section 38B;
the form in which the annual statement of accounts of the Central Zoo Authority shall be prepared under sub-section (4) of section 38E;
the form in which and the time at which the annual report of the Central Zoo Authority shall be prepared under section 38F;
the form in which and the fee required to be paid with the application for recognition of a zoo under sub-section (2) of section 38H;
the standards, norms and other matters to be considered for granting recognition under sub-section (4) of section 38H;
qualifications and experience of experts or professionals under clause (d) of sub-section (2) of section 38-1;
the salaries and allowances and other conditions of appointment of the members under sub-section (4) of section 38M; (giii) the terms and conditions of service of the officers and other employees of the Tiger Conservation Authority under sub-section (2) of section 38N;
the form in which the annual statement of accounts of Tiger Conservation Authority shall be prepared under sub-section (1) of section 38R;
the form in which and the time at which the annual report of Tiger Conservation Authority shall be prepared under section 38S;
other powers of the Wild Life Crime Control Bureau under clause (ii) of sub-section (2) of section 38Z. [(gvii) the manner of disposal of Government property under sub-section (5) of section 39; (gviii) the terms and conditions of a transfer or transport of a captive elephant by a person having a valid certificate of ownership for a religious or any other purpose under the proviso to sub-section (2) of section 43;]
the form in which declaration shall be made under sub-section (2) of section 44;
the matters to be prescribed under Cl. (b) of sub-section (4) of section 44;
the terms and conditions which shall govern transaction referred to in clause (b) of section 48;
the terms and conditions of service including salaries and allowances for appointment of the officers and employees of the Management Authority under sub-section (4) of section 49E;
the conditions and procedures subject to which any exemption provided for in Article VII of the Convention may be availed under sub-section (2) of section 49H; (jiii) the reporting of details of scheduled specimens and the transaction as per sub-section (3) of section 49H;
the form and manner of application, the fee payable, the conditions and the procedure to be followed under sub-section (5) of section 49H;
the matters provided for in sub-sections (8) and (9) of section 49M;
the form and manner of the application, the fee payable, the form of licence and the procedure to be followed in granting or cancelling a licence as per sub-section (2) of section 49N; (jvii) the fee payable for renewal of licence as per sub-section (3), and manner of making appeal under sub-section (4), of section 49-O; (jviii) any other matter for proper implementation of the Convention as may be required under Chapter VB;
the manner in which notice may be given by a person under clause (c) of section 55;
the matters specified in sub-section (2) of section 64 in so far as they relate to sanctuaries and National Parks declared by the Central Government.
Every rule made under this section shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions, and if before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made, the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be; so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.
Amendment notes (6)
- Subs w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Subs. by s. 46, ibid., for sub-section (1) (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 37 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 21-5-1982 . Ins. by Act 23 of 1982, s. 4 (w.e.f. 21-5-1982).
- Ins w.e.f. 4-9-2006 . Ins. by Act 39 of 2006, s. 7 (w.e.f. 4-9-2006).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 40 (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2023 . Ins. by s. 40, ibid (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
64. Power of State Government to make rules
The State Government may, by notification, make rules for carrying out the provisions of this Act in respect of matters which do not fall within the purview of section 63.
In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:--
the term of office of members other than those who are members, ex officio, the manner of filling vacancies and the procedure to be followed by the Board under sub-section (2) of section 6;
allowances referred to in sub-section (3) of section 6;
the forms to be used for any application, certificate, claim,declaration, licence, permit, registration, return, or other document, made, granted, or submitted under the provisions of this Act and the fees, if any, therefor;
the conditions subject to which any licence or permit may be granted under this Act; [(dd) the conditions subject to which the officers will be authorised to file cases in the court;]
the particulars of the record of wild animals (captured or killed) to be kept and submitted by the licensee; [(ee) the manner in which measures for immunisation of live-stock shall be taken;]
regulation of the possession, transfer and the sale of captive animals, meat, animal articles, trophies and uncured trophies;
regulation of taxidermy;
the manner and conditions subject to which the Administrator shall receive and manage the property under sub-section (2) of section 58G;
the terms and conditions of service of the Chairman and other members under sub-section (3) of section 58N;
the fund from which and the manner in which payment of reward under section 60B shall be made;
any other matter which has to be, or may be, prescribed under this Act.
Amendment notes (4)
- Subs w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Subs. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 38, for clauses (a) and (b) (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by s. 38, ibid. (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 47 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
- Ins w.e.f. 1-4-2003 . Ins. by Act 16 of 2003, s. 38 (w.e.f. 1-4-2003).
65. Rights of Scheduled Tribes to be protected
Nothing in this Act shall affect the hunting rights conferred on the Scheduled Tribes of the Nicobar Islands in the Union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands by notification of the Andaman and Nicobar Administration, No. 40,/67/F, No. G635, Vol. III, dated the 28th April, 1967, published at pages 1 to 5 of the Extraordinary issue of the Andaman and Nicobar Gazette, dated the 28th April, 1967.
66. Repeal and savings
As from the commencement of this Act, every other Act relating to any matter contained in this Act and in force in a State shall, to the extent to which that Act or any provision contained therein corresponds, or is repugnant, to this Act or any provision contained in this Act, stand repealed:
Provided that such repeal shall not,--
affect the previous operation of the Act so repealed, or anything duly done or suffered thereunder;
affect any right, privilege, obligation or liability, acquired, accrued or incurred under the Act so repealed;
affect any penalty, forfeiture or punishment incurred in respect of any offence committed against the Act so repealed; or
affect any investigation, legal proceeding or remedy in respect of any such right, privilege, obligation, liability, penalty, forfeiture, or punishment as aforesaid; and any such investigation, legal proceeding or remedy may be instituted, continued or enforced, and any such penalty, forfeiture and. Punishment may be imposed, as if the aforesaid Act had not been repealed.
Notwithstanding such repeal,
anything done or any action taken under the Act so repealed, (including any notification, order, certificate, notice or receipt issued, application made, or permit granted) which is not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, be deemed to have been done or taken under the corresponding provisions of this Act as, if this Act were in force at the time such thing was done or action was taken, and shall continue to be in force, unless and until superseded by anything done or any action taken under this Act;
every licence granted under any Act so repealed and in force immediately before the commencement of this Act shall be deemed to have been granted under the corresponding provisions of this Act and shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, continue to be in force for the unexpired portion. of the period for which such licence had been granted.
For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that any sanctuary or National Park declared by a State Government under any Act repealed under sub-section (1) shall be deemed to be a sanctuary or National Park, as, the case may be, declared by the State Government under this Act and where any right in or over any land in any such National Park which had not been extinguished under the said Act, at or before the commencement of this Act, the extinguishment of such rights shall be made in accordance with the provisions of this Act. [(4) For the removal of doubts, it is hereby further declared that where any proceeding under any provision of section 19 to 25 (both inclusive) is pending on the date of commencement of the Wild Life (Protection) Amendment Act, 1991 (44 of 1991), any reserve forest or a part of territorial waters comprised within a sanctuary declared under section 18 to be a sanctuary before the date of such commencement shall be deemed to be a sanctuary declared under section. 26A.]
Amendment notes (1)
- Ins w.e.f. 2-10-1991 . Ins. by Act 44 of 1991, s. 48 (w.e.f. 2-10-1991).
Schedule I
(See sections 9, 11, 12, 38-I, 39, 40, 40A, 41, 42, 42A, 43, 48, 48A, 50, 51, 51A and 57 and Chapter V-A)
PART A: MAMMALS
Sl. No. Common name Scientific name
ANTELOPES
1. Blackbuck Antilope cervicapra
2. Chinkara/Indian Gazelle Gazella bennettii
3. Four-horned Antelope Tetracerus quadricornis
4. Tibetan Antelope Pantholops hodgsonii
5. Tibetan Gazelle Procapra picticaudata
BADGERS
6. Greater Hog Badger Arctonyx collaris
7. Northern Hog Badger Arctonyx albogularis
8. Ratel / Honey Badger Mellivora capensis
BATS
9. Andaman Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus cognatus
10. Black-eared Flying Fox Pteropus melanotus
11. Leafletted Leaf-nosed Bat/Kolar Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros hypophyllus
12. Nicobar Flying Fox Pteropus faunulus
13. Salim Ali's Fruit Bat Latidens salimalii
14. Wroughton's Free tailed Bat Otomops wroughtoni
BEARS
15. Asiatic Black Bear Ursus thibetanus
16. Brown Bear Ursus arctos
17. Sun Bear Helarctos malayanus
18. Sloth Bear Melursus ursinus
BINTURONG
19. Binturong Arctictis binturong
CANIDS
20.
Asiatic Wild Dog/Dhole
Cuon alpinus
21. Grey Wolf Canis lupus
22. Jackal Canis aureus
CAPRINES
23. Argali/Nayan/Great Tibetan Sheep Ovis amnion
24. Bharal/Blue Sheep Pseudois nayaur
25.
Chinese Goral
Naemorhedus griseus
26.
Himalayan Goral
Naemorhedus goral
27. Himalayan Serow Capricornis sumatrenis
28. Markhor Copra falconeri
29. Red Goral Naemorhedus baileyi
30. Red Serow Capricornis rubidus
31. Siberian/Asiatic/Himalayan Ibex Copra sibirica
32. Takin Budorcas taxicolor
33. Urial Ovis vignei
CATS
34. Asiatic Golden Cat Catopuma temminckii
35. Asiatic Lion Panthera leo persica
36.
Caracal
Caracal caracal
37. Cheetah Acinonyx jubatus
38. Clouded Leopard Neofelis nebulosi
39. Desert Cat Felis silvestris
40. Eurasian Lynx Lynx lynx
41. Fishing Cat Prionailurus viverrinus
42. Jungle Cat Felis chaus
43. Leopard Panthera pardus
44. Leopard Cat Prionailurus bengalensis
45. Marbled Cat Pardofelis marmorata
46. Pallas's Cat Otocolobus manul
47. Rusty Spotted Cat Prionailurus rubiginosus
48. Snow Leopard Panthera uncia
49. Tiger Panthera tigris
CIVETS
50. Asian Palm Civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus
51. Jerdon's Palm Civet Paradoxurus jerdoni
52. Large Indian Civet Viverra zibetha
53. Malabar Large-spotted Civet Viverra civettina
54. Masked Palm Civet Paguma larvata
55. Small Indian Civet Viverricula indica
56. Small-toothed Palm Civet Arctogalidia trivirgata
DEER
57. Alpine Musk Deer Moschus chrysogaster
58. Black Musk Deer Moschus fuscus
59. Himalayan Musk Deer Moschus leucogaster
60. Hog Deer Axis porcinus
61. Indian Chevrotain/Mouse Deer Moschiola indica
62. Kashmir Musk Deer Moschus cupreus
63. Kashmir Red Deer/Hangul Cervus hangul
64. Manipur Brow-antlered Deer/Thamin Rucervus eldii eldii
65. Sambar Rusa unicolor
66. Swamp Deer/Barasingha Rucervus duvaucelii
67. Northern Red Muntjak Muntiacus vaginalis
68. Leaf Muntjak Muntiacus putaoensis
69. Malabar Red Muntjak Muntiacus malabaricus
DOLPHINS
70. Fraser's Dolphin Lagenodelphis hosei
71. Gangetic/South Asian River Dolphin Platanista gangetica
72. Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphin Tursiops aduncus
73 Indo-Pacific hump-back Dolphin Sousa chinensis
74. Indus River Dolphin Platanista minor
75. Irrawady Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris
76. Pantropical Spinner Dolphin
Stenella longirostris
77. Pantropical Spotted Dolphin
Stenella attenuata
78. Risso's Dolphin Grampus griseus
79. Rough-toothed Dolphin Steno bredanensis
80. Short-beaked Saddleback Dolphin/Common Dolphin Delphinus delphis
81. Striped Dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba
DUGONG
82. Dugong/Sea Cow Dugong dugon
ELEPHANT
83. Asiatic Elephant Elephas maximus
FOXES
84. Bengal Fox Vulpes bengalensis
85. Red Fox Vulpes vulpes
86. Tibetan Sand Fox Vulpes ferrilata
HARES
87. Hispid Hare Caprolagus hispidus
HOGS
88. Pygmy Hog Porcula salvania
HYAENA
89. Striped Hyaena Hyaena hyaena
LINSANG
90. Spotted Linsang Prionodon pardicolor
MARMOTS
91. Himalayan Marmot Marmota himalayana
92. Long-tailed Marmot Marmota caudata
MARTENS
93. Nilgiri Marten Martes gwatkinsii
94. Stone/Beech Marten Maries foina
95. Himalayan Yellow-throated Marten Martes flavigula
MONGOOSES
96. Small Indian Mongoose Urva auropunctata
97. Grey Mongoose Urva edwardsii
98. Brown Mongoose Urva fuscu
99. Javan Mongoose Urva javanica
100. Ruddy Mongoose Urva smithii
101. Crab-eating Mongoose Urva urva
102. Stripe-necked Mongoose Urva vitticolla
OTTERS
103. Eurasian Otter Lutra lutra
104. Oriental Small-clawed Otter Aonyx cinereal
105. Smooth-coated Otter Lutrogale perspicillata
OTHER RODENTS
106. Bonhote's Mouse Mus famulus
107. Nilgiri Vandeleuria/Nilgiri Long-tailed Tree Mouse Vandeleuria nilagirica
108. Large Rock Rat/Elvira Rat Cremnomys Elvira
109. Hume's Hadromys/Hume's Rat Hadromys humei
110. Large Metad/Kondana Rat Millardia kondana
111. Miller's Nicobar Rat Rattus burrus
112. Ranjini's Rat Rattus ranjiniae
PANGOLINS
113. Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata
114. Chinese Pangolin Manis pentadactyla
PIG
115.
Andaman Wild Pig Sus scrofa andamanensis
PIKA
116. Royle's Pika Ochotona roylei
PORPOISE
117.
Finless Porpoise Neophocaena phocaenoides
PORCUPINES
118. Asiatic Brush-tailed Porcupine Atherurus macrourus
119. Himalayan Crestless Porcupine Hystrix brachyura
120. Indian Porcupine Hystrix indica
PRIMATES
121. Arunachal Macaque Macaca munzala
122. Assamese Macaque Macaca assamensis
123. Bengal Slow Loris Nycticebus bengalensis
124. Black-footed Gray Langur Semnopithecus hypoleucos
125. Bonnet Macaque Macaca radiata
126. Capped Langur Trachypithecus pileatus
127. Gee's Golden Langur Trachypithecus geei
128. Gray Slender Loris Loris lydekkerianus
129. Hoolock Gibbon Hoolock hoolock
130. Kashmir Gray Langur Semnopithecus ajax
131. Lion-Tailed Macaque Macaca Silenus
132. Nepal Gray Langur Semnopithecus schistaceus
133.
Nicobar Long-tailed Macaque Macaca fascicularis umbrosus
134. Nilgiri Langur Semnopithecus johnii
135. Northern Pig-tailed Macaque Macaca leonine
136. Phayre's Leaf Monkey Trachypithecus phayrei
137. Sela macaque Macaca selai
138. Stump-tailed macaque Macaca arctoides
139. Tarai Gray Langur Semnopithecus hector
140. Tufted Gray Langur Semnopithecus priam
141. White-cheeked Macaque Macaca leucogenys
RED PANDA
142. Himalaya Red Panda Ailurus fulgens
143. Chinese Red Panda Ailurus styani
RHINOCEROS
144. Indian/Greater One-horned Rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis
SQUIRRELS
145. Hairy-footed Flying Squirrel Belomys pearsonii
146. Namdhapa Flying Squirrel Biswamoyopterus biswasi
147. Woolly Flying Squirrels All species of the Genus
Eupetaurus
148. Giant Flying Squirrels All species of the Genus
Petaurista
149. Malabar/Indian Giant Squirrel Ratufa indica
150. Malayan Giant Squirrel Ratufa bicolor
151. Grizzled Giant Squirrel Ratufa macroura
152. Travancore Flying Squirrel Petinomys fuscocapillus
SHREWS
153. Andaman Shrew Crocidura andamanensis
154. Day's Shrew Suncus dayi
155. Himalayan Tahr Hemitragus jemlahicus
156. NilgiriTahr Nilgiritragus hylocrius
TREESHREWS
157. Nicobar Treeshrew Tupaia nicobarica
WHALES
158.
Common Minke Whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata
159. Sei Whale Balaenoptera borealis
160. Bryde's Whale Balaenoptera edeni
161. Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus
162. Fin Whale Balaenoptera physalus
163. Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae
164. Pygmy Killer Whale Feresa attenuate
165. Short-finned Pilot Whale Globicephala macrorhynchus
166. Killer Whale Orcinus orca
167. Melon-headed Whale Peponocephala electra
168. False Killer Whale Pseudorca crassidens
169. Sperm Whale/Cachalot Physeter macrocephalus
170. Pygmy Sperm Whale Kogia breviceps
171. Dwarf Sperm Whale Kogia sima
172. Blainville's Beaked Whale Mesoplodon densirostris
173. Ginkgo-toothed Beaked Whale Mesoplodon ginkgodens
174. Cuvier's Beaked Whale Ziphius cavirostris
WILD CATTLE
175. Gaur/Indian Bison Bos gaurus
176. Wild Yak Bos mutus
177. Wild Water Buffalo Bubalus arnee
WILD ASS
178. Indian Wild Ass Equus hemionus
179. Tibetan Wild Ass Equus kiang
WEASELS
180. Mountain Weasel Mustela altaica
181. Siberian Weasel Mustela sibirica
182. Yellow-bellied Weasel Mustela kathiah
183. Ermine or Short-tailed Weasel Mustela erminea
PART B: BIRDS
Sl. No. Common name Scientific name
BARN OWLS
1. Andaman Barn Owl Tyto deroepstorffi
2. Common Barn Owl Tyto alba
BITTERNS, HERONS AND EGRETS
3. Cinnamon Bittern Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
4. White-bellied Heron Ardea insignis
5. White-eared Night Heron Gorsachius magnificus Gorsachius magnificus
BUNTINGS
6. Yellow-breasted Bunting Emberiza aureola
BUSTARDS
7. Bengal Florican Houbaropsis bengalensis
8. Great Indian Bustard Ardeotis nigriceps
9. Lesser Florican Sypheotides indicus
10. Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax
11. Macqueen's Bustard Chlamydotis macqueenii
CISTICOLAS, PRINIAS, AND ALLIES
12. Grey-crowned Prinia Prinia cinereocapilla
13. Rufous-fronted Prinia Prinia buchanani
COURSERS AND PRATINCOLES
14. Indian Courser Cursorius coromandelicus
15. Jerdon's Courser Rhinoptilus bitorquatus
CRANES
16. Black-necked Crane Grus nigricollis
17. Common Crane Grus grus
18. Demoiselle Crane Grus virgo
19. Hooded Crane Grus monacha
20. Sarus Crane Antigone antigone
21. Siberian Crane Leucogeranus leucogeranus
CROWS AND ALLIES
22. Andaman Treepie Dendrocitta bayleii
DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS
23. Andaman Teal Anas albogularis
24. Baer's Pochard Aythya baeri
25. Common Pochard Aythya ferina
26. Cotton Pygmy Goose Nettapus coromandelianus
27. Fulvous Whistling Duck Dendrocygna bicolor
28. Marbled Teal Marmaronetta angustirostris
29. Pink-headed Duck Rhodonessa caryophyllacea
30. White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala
31. White-winged Wood Duck Asarcornis scutulata
FALCONS
32. Amur Falcon Falco amurensis
33. Laggar Falcon Falco jugger
34. Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus
35. Red-necked Falcon Falco chicquera
36. Saker Falcon Falco cherrug
FINFOOTS
37. Masked Finfoot Heliopais personatus
FLYCATCHERS, CHATS AND ALLIES
38. Chinese Rubythroat Calliope tschebaiewi
39. Hodgson's Bushchat Sa.xicola insignis
40. Kashmir Flycatcher Ficedula subrubra
41. Large Blue Flycatcher Cyornis magnirostris
42. Nilgiri Sholakili Sholicola major
43. White-bellied Sholakili Sholicola albiventris
FRIGATEBIRDS
44. Christmas Island Frigatebird Fregata andrewsi
FROGMOUTHS
45. Hodgson's Frogmouth Batrachostomus hodgsoni
46. Sri Lanka Frogmouth Batrachostomus moniliger
GULLS AND TERNS
47. Black-bellied Tern Sterna acuticauda
48. Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica
49. Indian Skimmer Rynchops albicollis
50. River Tern Sterna aurantia
HORNBILLS
51. Austen's Brown Hornbill Anorrhinus austeni
52. Great Hornbill Buceros bicornis
53. Malabar Grey Hornbill Ocyceros griseus
54. Malabar Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros coronatus
55. Narcondam Hornbill Rhyticeros narcondami
56. Oriental Pied Hornbill Anthracoceros albirostris
57. Rufous-necked Hornbill Aceros nipalensis
58. Wreathed Hornbill Rhyticeros undulatus
IBISBILL
59. Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia
60. Ibisbill Ibidorhyncha struthersii
KINGFISHERS
61. Blyth's Kingfisher Alcedo hercules
KITES, HAWKS, EAGLES AND VULTURES
62. Andaman Serpent Eagle Spilornis elgini
63. Bearded Vulture Gypaetus barbatus
64. Besra Accipiter virgatus
65. Black Baza Aviceda leuphotes
66. Black Eagle Ictinaetus malaiensis
67. Bonelli's Eagle Aquila fasciata
68. Booted Eagle Hieraaetus pennatus
69. Brahminy Kite Haliastur indus
70. Changeable Hawk Eagle Nisaetus cirrhatus
71. Chinese Sparrowhawk Accipiter soloensis
72. Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus
73. Common Buzzard Buteo buteo
74. Crested Goshawk Accipiter trivirgatus
75. Crested Serpent Eagle Spilomis cheela
76. Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca
77. Eastern Marsh Harrier Circus spilonotus
78. Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus
79. Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus
80. Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos
81. Greater Spotted Eagle Clanga clanga
82. Grey-faced Buzzard Butastur indicus
83. Grey-headed Fish Eagle Haliaeetus ichthyaetus
84. Griffon Vulture Gyps.fulvus
85. Hen Harrier Circus cyaneus
86. Himalayan Buzzard Buteo refectus
87. Himalayan Vulture Gyps himalayensis
88. Indian Spotted Eagle Clanga hastata
89. Indian Vulture Gyps indicus
90. Japanese Sparrowhawk Accipiter gularis
91. Jerdon's Baza Aviceda jerdoni
92. Lesser Fish Eagle lcthyophaga humilis
93. Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus
94. Montagu's Harrier Circuspygargus
95. Mountain Hawk Eagle Nisaetus nipalensis
96. Nicobar Serpent Eagle Spilomis klossi
97. Nicobar Sparrowhawk Accipiter butleri
98. Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis
99. Pallas's Fish Eagle Haliaeetus leucoryphus
100. Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus
101. Pied Harrier Circus melanoleucos
102. Red Kite Milvus milvus
103. Red-headed Vulture Sarcogyps calvus
104. Rufous-bellied Eagle Lophotriorchis kienerii
105. Shikra Accipiter badius
106. Short-toed Snake Eagle Circaetus gallicus
107. Slender-billed Vulture Gyps tenuirostris
108. Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis
109. Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax
110. Upland Buzzard Buteo hemilasius
111. Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus
112. White-bellied Sea Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster
113. White-eyed Buzzard Butastur teesa
114. White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis
115. White-tailei Sea Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla
LAUGIDNGTHRUSHES AND LARGE
BABBLERS
116. Ashambu Laughingthrush Montecincla meridionalis
117. Banasura Laughingthrush Montecincla jerdoni
118. Bar-winged Wren Babbler Spelaeornis troglodytoides
119. Brown-capped Laughingthrush Trochalopteron austeni
120. Bugun Liocichla Liocichla bugunorum
121. Chestnut-backed Laughingthrush Pterorhinus nuchalis
122. Grey-sided Laughingthrush Pterorhinus caerulatus
123. Jerdon's Babbler Chrysomma altirostre
124. Moustached Laughingthrush Ianthocincla cineracea
125. Nilgiri Laughingthrush Montecincla cachinnans
126. Sikkim Wedge-billed Babbler Stachyris humei
127. Slender-billed Babbler Argya longirostris
128. Snowy-throated Babbler Stachyris oglei
129. Tawny-breasted Wren Babbler Spelaeornis longicaudatus
LOCUSTELLA WARBLERS AND ALLIES
130. Bristled Grassbird Schoenicola striatus
131. Broad-tailed Grassbird Schoenicola platyurus
132. West Himalayan Bush Warbler
Locustella kashmirensis
MEGAPODES
133. Nicobar Megapode Megapodius nicobariensis
MINIVETS AND CUCKOOSHRIKES
134. Small Minivet Pericrocotus cinnamomeus
MUNIAS
135. Green Munia Amandava Formosa
NUTHATCHES
136. Beautiful Nuthatch Sitta formosa
OSPREY
137. Osprey Pandion haliaetus
OWLS
138. Brown Fish Owl Ketupa zeylonensis
139. Brown Wood Owl Strix leptogrammica
140. Buffy Fish Owl
Ketupa ketupu
141. Eurasian Eagle Owl Bubo bubo
142. Forest Owlet Athene blewitti
143. Indian Eagle Owl Bubo bengalensis
144. Mottled Wood Owl Strix ocellate
145. Northern Long-eared Owl Asio otus
146. Short-eared Owl Asio flammeu
147. Spot-bellied Eagle Owl Bubo nipalensis
148. Tawny Fish Owl Ketupa flavipes
PARROTBILLS AND ALLIES
149. Black-breasted Parrotbill Paradoxornis f/.avirostris Paradoxornis flavirostris
PARROTS & PARAKEETS
150. Lord Derby's Parakeet Psittacula derbiana
151. Red-breasted Parakeet Psittacula alexandri
PARTRIDGES, QUAILS, AND PHEASANTS
152. Blood Pheasant Ithaginis cruentus
153. Blyth's Tragopan Tragopan blythii
154. Cheer Pheasant Catretts wallichii
155. Chestnut-breasted Partridge Arborophila mandellii
156. Green Peafowl Pavo muticus
157. Grey Junglefowl Gallus sonneratii
158. Grey Peacock Pheasant Polyplectron bicalcaratum
159. Himalayan Monal Lophophorus impejanus
160. Himalayan Quail Ophrysia superciliosa
161. Indian Peafowl Pavo cristatus
162. Kalij Pheasant Lophura leucomelanos
163. Manipur Bush Quail Perdicula manipurensis
164. MountaiWBamboo Partridge Bambusicola fytchii
165. Mrs Hume's Pheasant Syrmaticus humiae
166. Satyr Tragopan Tragopan satyra
167. Sclater's Monal Lophophorus sclateri
168. Swamp Francolin Francolinus gularis
169. Temminck's Tragopan Tragopan temminckii
170. Tibetan Ear Pheasant Crossoptilon harmani
171. Tibetan Partridge Perdix hodgsoniae
172. Tibetan Snowcock Tetraogallus tibetanus
173. Western Tragopan Tragopan melanocephalus
PIGEONS AND DOVES
174. Andaman Green Pigeon Treron chloropterus
175. Nicobar Pigeon Caloenas nicobarica
176. Nilgiri Wood Pigeon Columba elphinstonii
177. Pale-capped Pigeon Columba punicea
178. Yellow-eyed Pigeon Columba eversmanni
PIPITS AND WAGTAILS
179. Forest Wagtail Dendronanthus indicus
180. Nilgiri Pipit Anthus nilghiriensis
PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS
181. Pacific Golden Plovet: Pluvialis falva
182. Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius
SANDPIPERS
183. Common Greenshank. Tringa nebularia
184. Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris
185. Spoon-billed Sandpiper Calidris pygmaea
186. Wood Snipe Gallinago nemoricola
SCIMITAR BABBLERS AND ALLIES
187. Mishmi Wren Babbler Spelaeornis badeigularis
188. Naga Wren Babbler Spelaeornis chocolatinus
SMALL BABBLERS, FULVETTAS AND ALLIES
189. Marsh Babbler Pellomeum palustre
190. Rufous-vented Grass Babbler Laticilla burnesii
191. Swamp Grass Babbler Laticilla cinerascens
STARLINGS AND MYNA
192. Common Hill Myna Gracula religiosa
193. Southern Hill Myna Gracula indica
STORKS
194. Greater Adjutant Leptoptilos dubius
195. Lesser Adjutant Leptoptilos javanicus
196. White Stork Ciconia Ciconia
SWIFTS
197. Crested Treeswift Hemiprocne coronata
198. Dark-rumped Swift Apus acuticauda
199. Glossy Swiftlet Collocalia esculenta
200. Indian Swiftlet Aerodramus unicolor
THRUSHES AND ALLIES
201. Nilgiri Thrush Zoothera neilgherriensis
TROGONS
202. Ward's Trogon Harpactes wardi
TITS
203. White-naped Tit Machlolophus nuchalis
WEAVERS
204. Finn's Weaver Ploceus megarhynchus
WOODPECKERS AND ALLIES
205. Andaman Woodpecker Dryocopus hodgei
206. Great Slaty Woodpecker M ulleripicus pulverulentus
207. Heart-spotted Woodpecker Hemicircus canente
208. Yellow-crowned Woodpecker Leiopicus mahrattensis
PART C: REPTILES
No. Common Name
Scientific Name
BOAS
1. Red Sand Boa Eryx johnii
2. Whitaker's Boa Eryx whitakeri
CROCODILES
3. Gharial Gavia/is gangeticus
4. Marsh Crocodile Crocodylus palustris
5. Saltwater Crocodile Crocodylus porosus
CHAMELEON
6. Indian Chameleon Chamaeleo zeylanicus
GECKOS
7. Andaman Giant gecko Gekko verreauxi
8. Bangalore Geckoella Cyrtodactylus srilekhae
9. Horsfield's Gliding Gecko Gekko horsfieldii
10. Indian Golden Gecko Calodactylodes aureus
11. Jeypore Ground Gecko Cyrtodactylus jeyporensis
12. Leopard Geckos I Eyelid All species of the Genus
Geckos Eublepharis
13. Nicobar Gliding Gecko Gekko nicobarensis
14. Rishi Valley Geckoella Cyrtodactylus rishivalleyensis
15. Smith's Green-eyed Gecko Gekko smithii
16. Smooth-backed Gliding Gecko Gekko lionotum
17. Tokay Gecko Gekko gecko
KING COBRA
18..
Indian Cobras
All species of the Genus Naja
19. King Cobra All species of the Genus
Ophiophagus
LIZARDS
20. Indian Spiny Tailed Lizard Saara hardwickii
MONITORS
21. Bengal Monitor Varanus bengalensis
22. Desert Monitor Varanus g riseus
23. Water Monitor Varanus salvator
24. Yellow Monitor Varanusjl. avescens
OTHER SNAKES
25. Checkered Keelback Fowlea piscator
26. Dhaman or Indian Rat Snake Ptyas mucosa
27. Dog-faced Water Snake Cerberus rynchops
28. Indian Egg Eating Snake Boiga westennanni
29. Olive Keelback Water Snake Atretium schistosum
30. Russell's Viper Daboia russelii
PYTHONS
31. Pythons All species of the Genus Python
32. Reticulated Python Malayopython reticulates
TURTLES & TORTOISES
33. Arnboina Box Turtle Cuora amboinensis
34. Asian Giant Softshell Turtle Pelochelys cantorii
35. Asian Giant Tortoise Manouria emys
36. Asiatic Softshell Turtle Amyda cartilaginea
37. Assam Roofed Turtle Pangshura sylhetensis_
38. Black Softshell Turtle Nilssonia nigricans
39. Cochin Forest Cane Turtle Vijayachelys silvatica
40. Crowned River Turtle Harde/la thurjii
41. Green Sea Turtle Chelonia mydas
42. Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata
43. Indian Eyed Turtle Morenia petersi
44. Indian Flap Shell Turtle Lissemys punctata
45. Indian Narrow-headed Chitra indica
46. Softshell Turtle Indian Roofed Turtle Pangshura tecta
47. Indian Softshell Turtle Nilssonia gangetica
48. Indian Star Tortoise Geochelone elegans
49. Indian Tent Turtle Pangshura tentoria
50. Keeled box Turtle Cuora mouhotii
51. Leatherback Turtle Dermochelys coriacea
52. Leith' s Softshell Turtle Nilssonia leithii
53. Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta
54. Northern River Terrapin Batagur baska
55. Olive Ridley Sea Turtle Lepidochel ys olivacea
56. Peacock Softshell Turtle Nilssonia hurum
57. Red-crowned Roofed Turtle Batagur kachuga
58. Sal forest Tortoise lndotestudo elongata
59. Spotted Pond Turtle Geoclemys amiltonii
60. Three-striped Roofed Turtle Batagur dhongoka
61. Travancore Tortoise lndotestudo travancorica
62. Tricarinate Hill Turtle Melanochel ys tricarinata
PART D: AMPHIBIANS
No. Common Name Scientific Name
1. Crocodile Newt Tylototriton verrucosus
2. Himalayan Salamander Tylototriton himalayanus
3. Koyna Toad Xanthophryne koynayensis
4. Purple Frogs All species of the Genus
Nasikabatrachus
2
.
PART E: F I S H E S
No. Common Names Scientific Name
GROUPER
1. Giant Grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus
SEAHORSES
2. Seahorses and Pipefishes All species in the Famil y Syngnathidae
RAYS
3. Bottlenose Wedgefish Rhynchobatus australiae
4. Bowmouth Guitarfish Rhina ancylostoma
5. Clubnose Guitarfish Glaucostegus thouin
6. Ganges Stingray Himanturafluviatilis
7 . Giant Freshwater Urogymnus polylepis
Whipray
8. Giant Guitarfish Rhynchobatus djiddensis
9. Giant Manta Mobula birostris
10. Porcupine Whipray Urogymnus asperrimus
11. Reef Manta Mobula alfredi
12. Smoothnose Wedgefish Rhynchobatus laevis
13. Widenose Guitarfish Glaucostegus obtusus
SAWFISHES
14. Common sawfish Pristis pristis
15. Dwarf sawfish Pristis clavata
16. Green Sawfish Pristis zijsron
17. Nanuw Sawfish Anoxypristis cuspidata
SHARKS
18. Gangetic Shark Glyphis gangeticus
19. Pondicherry Shark Carcharhinus hemiodon
20. Whale Shark Rhincodon typus
PART F: ECHINODERMATA
No. Common Name Scientific Name
1.
Sea Cucumber All species of the Class Holothuroidea
PART G: MOLLUSCA
No. Common Name
Scientific Name
CLAMS
1. Auted Giant Clam Tridacna squamosa
2. Horse's Hoof Clam Hippopus hippopus
3. Small Giant Clam Tridacna maxima
CONES
4. Glory of India Conus milneedwardsi
HELMET SHELLS
5. Homed Helmet Shell/ King Shell Cassis comuta
NAUTILUS
6. Emperor Nautilus/ Chambered nautilus Nautilus pompiliu s
SHELLS
7. Bull Mouth Helmet/ Queenshell Cypraecassis rufa
TRUMPETS
8. Triton's Trumpet shell Charania tritonis
SPIRALS
9. Spiral Tudicla Tudicla spirillus
PART H: ARTHROPODS (OTHER THAN INSECTS)
No. Common Name Scientific Name
1. Coconut or Robber Crab Birgus latro
PART I: BUTTERFLIES
(LEPIDOPTERA)
No. Common name
Family
Scientific name
Lycaenidae
1. Andaman Tailless Arhopala zeta
Oakblue
2. Blue Posy Drupadia scaeva
3. Broad banded Simiskina phalena
Brilliant
4. Cachar Mandarine Charana cepheis
Blue
5. Chapman's Hedge Notarthrinus binghami
Blue
6. Chestnut-and-plack Tajuria yajna
Royal
7. Chinese Hairstreak Amblopala avidiena
8. Chocolate Bushblue Arhopala ariel
9. Comic Oak.blue Arhopala comica
10. Ferrar's Cerulean ]amides ferrari
11. Ferruginous Ahlbergia leechii
Hairstreak
12. Great Brownie Gerydus symethus
13. Great Dark.ie Allotinus drumila
14. Hybrid Sapphire Heliophorus hybrida
15. Kanara Oakblue Arhopala alea
16. Mackwood 's Strymon mackwoodi
Hairstreak
17. Moth Butterfly Liphyra brassolis
18. Naga Hedge Blue Oreolyce dohertyi
19. Opal Oakblue Arhopala opalina
20. Paona Hairstreak Shirozuozephyrus paona
21. Peacock Hairstreak Euaspa pavo
22. Plain Tailless Oak.blue Arhopala asopia
23. Purple-brown Tailless Arhopala arvina
Oak.blue
24. Tytler's Dull Oakblue Arhopala ace
25. Watson's Hairstreak Theda letha
26. Watson 's Mottle Logania watsoniana
Family Nympbalidae
27. Andaman King Crow Euploea midamus roepstorffi
28. Bamboo Tree Brown Lethe europa
29. Banded Duffer Discophora deo
30. Bhutan Sergeant Athyma jina
31. Bhutan Treebrown Lethe margaritae
32. Blue Baron Euthalia telchinia
33. Blue Begam Prothoe franck regalis
34. Blue Duke Euthalia durga
35. Blue Nawab Polyura schreiber
36. Branded Yeoman Algia fasciata
37. Camberwell Beauty Nymphalis antiopa yedanula
38. Chestnut Rajah Charaxes dumfordi
39. Commc;)Il Duffer Discophora sondaica
40. Dark Wall Lasiommata menava
41. Dismal Mystic Lethe ocellata
42. Dull Forester Lethe gulnihal
43. Eastern Courtier Sophisa chandra
44. Empress Sasakia funebris
45. Freak Calinaga buddha
46. Fuliginous Sailer Neptis ebusa ebusa
47. Golden Emperor Dillpa morgiana
48. Grand Duke Euthalia iva
49. Hockeystick Sailer Neptis nycteus
50. Hockeystick Sailer Phaedyma aspasia
51. Malay Staff Sergeant Athyma reta moorei
52. Malayan Nawab Polyura moori sandakana
53. Manipur Fivering Ypthima persimilis
54. Mottled Argus Loxerebia narasirigha
55. Naga Duke Euthalia curvifascia
56. Northern Jungle Stichophthalma camadeva
Queen
57. Orchid Tit Chlioria othona
58. Pallid Forester Lethe satyavati
59. Peal's Palmfly Elymnias peali
60. Pointed Palmfly Elymnias penaga
61. Purple Bushbrown Mycalesis orseis
62. Scarce Blue Tiger Tirumala gautama
63. Scarce Catseye Coelites nothis
64. Scarce Jester Symbrenthia silana
65. Scarce Lilacfork Lethe dura
66. Scarce Red Forester Lethe distans
67. Scarce Siren Hestina nicevillei
68. Scarce White Sumalia zulema
Commodore
69. Single Silverstripe Lethe ramadeva
70. Spotted Black Crow Euploea crameri
71. Tawny Emperor Chitoria ulupi
72. Tytler' s Emperor Eulaceura manipurensis
73. Tytler's Treebrown Lethe gemina
74. White Emperor Helcyra hemina
75. White Spot Fritilliary Argynnis hegmone
Family Papilionidae
76. Banded Apollo Parnassius delphius
77. Black Windmill Byasa crassipes
78. Chinese Windmill Byasa plutonius
79. Common Clubtail Losaria coon
80. de Niceville's Byasa polla
Windmill
81. Hannyngton Apollo Pamassius hannyngtoni
82. Himalayan Bhutan Bhutanitis lidderdalii
Glory
83. Imperial Apollo Pamassius imperator
84. Kaiser-i-Hind Teinopalpus imperialis
85. Krishna Peacock Papilio krishna
86. Ladak Banded Apollo Parnassius stoliczkanus
87. Malabar Banded Papilio liomedon
Swallowtail
88. Mystical Bhutan Bhutanitis ludlowi
Glory
89. Nevill' s Windmill Byasa nevilli
90. Varnished Apollo Parnassius acco
91. Yellow-crested Papilio elephenor
Spangle
Family Pieridae
92. Butler's Dwarf Baltia butleri
93. Dwarf Clouded Colias dubia
Yellow
94. Green Banded White Pieris krueperi
95. Lemon Clouded Colias thrasibulus
Yellow
96. Pale Jezabel Delias sanaca.
PART J: ODONATA (DRAGONFLY)
No. Common name Scientific name
1. Himalayan Relict
Dragonfly
Epiophlebia laidlawi
PART K : CORALS
No. Common name Scientific name
1. Black Coral All species of the Order Antipatharia
2. Blue Coral All species from the following Families in the Order Helioporacea: Aulopsammiidae, Helioporidae, and Lithotelestidae
3. False Corals All species of the Order Corallimorpharia
4. Fire Coral All species of the Genus Millepora
5. Organ Pipe Coral Tubipora musica
6. Sea Anemones All species from the following Families in the Order Actiniaria: Actinernidae, Halcuriidae, and Edwardsiidae
7. Sea Pens All species from the following Families in the Order Pennatulacea: Anthoptilidae, Chunellidae,
Echinoptilidae, Funiculinidae, Kophobelemnidae,
Protoptilidae, Pse udumbell ulidae, Renillidae,
Scleroptilidae, Stachyptilidae, Umbellutidae,
Veretiltidae, Balticinidae, Pennatulidae, and Virgulariidae
8. Soft Corals All species from the following Families in the Order Alcyonacea:Acanthoaxiidae, Chelidonisididae,
Pa rasphaerascleridae, Nephtheidae, Alcyoniidae,
Clavulariidae, Xeniidae, Cornulariidae,
Subergorgiidae, Pleaxauridae, Ellisellidae,
Melithaeidae, and Briareidae
9. Stony Coral All species of the Order Scleractinia
10. Tube-dwelling All species of the following Families of the Anemones Order Penicillaria : Pennatulidae, Anthoptilidae,
Scleroptilidae, Halipteridae, and Protoptilidae
11. Tube-dwelling
Anemones
All species of the Order Spirularia
12. Zoanthids All species of the Order Zooantharia
Amendment notes (1)
- 1Subs. by Act 18 of 2022, s. 41, for “Schedules I, II, III, IV, V and VI” (w.e.f. 1-4-2023).
Schedule II
(See Sections 9, 11, 12, 38-1, 39, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 48A, 49, 50, 51, 54 and 57)
PART A: MAMMALS
No. Common Name Scientific Name
ANTELOPE
1. Nilgai Boselaphus tragocamelus
BADGERS
2. Burmese/Large toothed Ferret Badger Melogale personal a
3. Chinese/Small-toothed Ferret Badger Melogale moschata
BATS
4. Durga Das's Leaf-nosed Bat Hipposideros durgadasi
5. Indian Flying Fox Pteropus giganteus
6. Mitred Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus mitratus
7. Peters's Tubenosed Bat Harpiola grisea
8. Rainforest Tube-nosed Bat Murina pluvialis
9. Sombre Bat Eptesicus tatei
CETACEANS
10. Cetacean species All species of the Infraorder Cetacea other than those listed in Schedule I
DEER
11. Spotted Deer/Chital Axis axis
HARES
12. Desert Hare Lepus tibetanus
13. Indian Hare Lepus nigricollis
14. Woolly Hare Lepus oiostolus
HEDGEHOGS
15. Bare-bellied Hedgehog Paraechinus nudiventris
16. Indian Hedgehog Paraechinus micropus
17. Indian Long-eared Hedgehog Hemiechinus collaris
OTHER RODENTS
18. Andaman Rat Rattus stoicus
19. Car Nicobar Rat Rattus palmarum
20. Cutch Rock Rat Cremnomys cutchicus
21. Royle's Mountain Vole Alticola roylei
22. Sahyadris Forest Rat Rattus satarae
PIG
23. Wild Pig Sus scrofa
PRIMATES
24. Northern Plains Gray/Hanuman
Langur
Semnopithecus entellus
SHREWS
25. Andaman Spiny Shrew Crocidura hispida
26. Assam Mole Shrew Anourosorex assamensis
27. Indian Highland Shrew Suncus niger
28. Jenkin's Shrew Crocidu ra jenkinsi
29. Madras Treeshrew Anathema ellioti
30. Narcondam Shrew Crocidura narcondamica
31. Nicobar Shrew Crocidura nicobarica
SQUIRRELS
32. Jungle Palm Squirrel Funambulus tristriatus
33. Orange-bellied Himalayan Squirrel Dremomys lokriah
TREE MICE
34. Spiny Tree Mouse Platacanthomys lasiurus
PART B: BIRDS
Sl.
No.
Common Name Scientific Name
ACCENTORS
1. Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris
2. Altai Accentor Prunella himalayana
3. Black-throated Accentor Prunella atrogularis
4. Brown Accentor Prunella fulvescens
5. Maroon-backed Accentor Prunella immaculata
6. Robin Accentor Prunella rubeculoides
7. Rufous-breasted Accentor Prunella strophiata
BARBETS
8. Blue-eared Barbet Psilopogon duvaucelii
9. Blue-throated Barbet Psilopogon asiaticus
10. Brown-headed Barbet Psilopogon zeylanicus
11. Coppersmith Barbet Psilopogon haemacephalus
12. Golden-throated Barbet Psilopogon franklinii
13. Great Barbet Psilopogon virens
14. Lineated Barbet Psilopogon lineatus
15. Malabar Barbet Psilopogon malabaricus
16. White-cheeked Barbet Psilopogon viridis
BARN OWLS
17. Eastern Grass Owl Tyto longimembris
18. Oriental Bay Owl Phodilus badius
19. Sri Lanka Bay Owl Phodilus assimilis
BEE-EATERS
20. Blue-bearded Bee-eater Nyctyornis athertoni
21. Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus
22. Blue-tailed Bee-eater Merops philippinus
23. Blue-throated Bee-eater Merops viridis
24. Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti
25. European Bee-eater Merops apiaster
26. Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis
BITTERNS, HERONS AND EGRETS
27. Black Bittern Ixobrychus flavicollis
28. Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax
29. Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis
30. Chinese Egret Egretta eulophotes
31. Chinese Pond Heron Ardeola bacchus
32. Goliath Heron Ardea goliath
33. Great Bittern Botaurus stellaris
34. Great Egret Ardea alba
35. Grey Heron Ardea cinerea
36. Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii
37. Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia
38. Javan Pond Heron Ardeola speciosa
39. Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus
40. Little Egret Egretta garzetta
41. Malayan Night Heron Gorsachius melanolophus
42. Pacific Reef Egret Egretta sacra
43. Purple Heron Ardea purpurea
44. Striated Heron Butorides striata
45. Western Reef Egret Egretta gularis
46. Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis
NORTHERN STORM-PETRELS
47. Swinhoe's Storm-petrel Oceanodroma monorhis
BROADBILLS
48. Long-tailed Broadbill Psarisomus dalhousiae
49. Silver-breasted Broadbill Serilophus lunatus
BULBULS
50. Andaman Bulbul Brachypodius fuscoflavescens
51. Ashy Bulbul Hemixos flavala
52. Black Bulbul Hypsipetes leucocephalus
53. Black-crested Bulbul Rubigula flaviventris
54. Black-headed Bulbul Brachypodius melanocephalos
55. Cachar Bulbul Iole cacharensis
56. Crested Finchbill Spizixos canifrons
57. Flame-throated Bulbul Rubigula gularis
58. Flavescent Bulbul Pycnonotus flavescens
59. Grey-headed Bulbul Brachypodius priocephalus
60. Himalayan Bulbul Pycnonotus leucogenis
61. Mountain Bulbul Ixos mcclellandii
62. Nicobar Bulbul Ixos nicobariensis
63. Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer
64. Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus
65. Square-tailed Bulbul Hypsipetes ganeesa
66. Striated Bulbul Alcurus striatus
67. White-browed Bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus
68. White-eared Bulbul Pycnonotus leucotis
69. White-throated Bulbul Alophoixus flaveolus
70. Yellow-browed Bulbul Acritillas indica
71. Yellow-throated Bulbul Pycnonotus xantholaemus
BUNTINGS
72. Black-faced Bunting Emberiza spodocephala
73. Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala
74. Chestnut Bunting Emberiza rutila
75. Chestnut-eared Bunting Emberiza fucata
76. Crested Bunting Emberiza lathami
77. Eurasian Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus
78. Godlewski's Bunting Emberiza godlewskii
79. Grey-necked Bunting Emberiza buchanani
80. Little Bunting Emberiza pusilia
81. Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana
82. Pine Bunting Emberiza leucoccphalos
83. Red-headed Bunting Emberiza bruniceps
84. Rock Bunting Emberiza cia
85. Rustic Bunting Emberiza rustica
86. Striolated Bunting Emberiza striolata
87. Tristram's Bunting Emberiza tristrami
88. White-capped Bunting Emberiza steward
89. Yellow-browed Bunting Emberiza chrysophrys
90. Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella
BUTTONQUAILS
91. Barred Buttonquail Turnix suscitalor
92. Small Buttonquail Turnix sylvaticus
93. Yellow-legged Buttonquail Turnix tanki
CANARY-FLYCATCHERS AND ALLIES
94. Grey-headed Canary-flycatcher Culicicapa ceylonensis
95. Yellow-bellied Fantail Chelidorhynx hypoxanthus
CETTIA WARBLERS AND ALLIES
96. Aberrant Bush Warbler Hororn is flavolivaceus
97. Ashy-throated Warbler Phylloscopus maculipennis
98. Asian Stubtail Urosphena squameiceps
99. Black-faced Warbler Abroscopus schisticeps
100. Booted Warbler Iduna caligata
101. Broad-billed Warbler Tickellia hodgsoni
102. Brooks's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus subviridis
103. Brownish-flanked Bush Warbler Horornis fortipes
104. Buff-barred Warbler Phylloscopus puleher
105. Buff-throated Warbler Phylloscopus subaffinis
106. Cetti's Warbler Cettia cetti
107. Chestnut-crowned Bush Warbler Cettia major
108. Chestnut-headed Tesia Cettia castaneocoronata
109. Chinese Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus yunnanensis
110. Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita
111. Crested Tit Warbler Leptopoecile elegans
112. Dusky Warbler Phylloscopus fuscatus
113. Green Warbler Phylloscopus nitidus
114. Green-crowned Warbler Phylloscopus burkii
115. Greenish Warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides
116. Grey-bellied Tesia Tesia cyaniventer
117. Grey-cheeked Warbler Phylloscopus poliogenys
118. Grey-crowned Warbler Phylloscopus tephrocephalus
119. Grey-sided Bush Warbler Cettia brunnifrons
120. Hume's Bush Warbler Horornis brunnescens
121. Hume's Warbler Phylloscopus humei
122. Lanceolated Warbler Locustella lanceolata
123. Large-billed Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus magnirostris
124. Lemon-rumped Warbler Phylloscopus chloronotus
125. Manchurian Bush Warbler Horornis cantunans
126. Mountain Chiffchaff Phylloscopus sindianus
127. Mountain Tailorbird Phyllergates cucullatus
128. Pale-footed Bush Warbler Urosphena pallidipes
129. Pale-legged Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus tenellipes
130. Plain Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus neglectus
131. Rufous-faced Warbler Abroscopus albogularis
132. Rusty-rumped Warbler Helopsaltes certhiola
133. Sakhalin Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus borealoides
134. Sichuan Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus forresti
135. Slaty-bellied Tesia Tesia olivea
136. Smoky Warbler Phylloscopus fuligiventer
137. Sulphur-bellied Warbler Phylloscopus griseolus
138. Sykes's Warbler Iduna rama
139. Thick-billed Warbler Arundinax aedon
140. Tickell's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus affinis
141. Two-barred Warbler Phylloscopus plumbeitarsus
142. Whistler's Warbler Phylloscopus whistleri
143. White-browed Tit Warbler Leptopoecile sophiae
144. White-spectacled Warbler Phylloscopus intermedius
145. Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus
146. Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix
147. Yellow-bellied Warbler Abroscopus superciliaris
148. Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus
CISTICOLAS, PRINIAS, AND ALLIES
149. Ashy Prinia Prinia socialis
150. Black-throated Prinia Prinia atrogularis
151. Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius
152. Dark-necked Tailorbird Orthotomus atrogularis
153. Golden-headed Cisticola Cisticola exilis
154. Graceful Prinia Prinia gracilis
155. Grey-breasted Prinia Prinia hodgsonii
156. Hill Prinia Prinia superciliaris
157. Jungle Prinia Prinia sylvatica
158. Plain Prinia Prinia inornata
159. Rufescent Prinia Prinia rufescens
160. Striated Prinia Prinia crinigera
161. Yellow-bellied Prinia Prinia flaviventris
162. Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis
CORMORANTS
163. Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax car bo
164. Indian Cormorant Phalacrocorax fuscicollis
165. Little Cormorant Microcarbo niger
COURSERS AND PRATINCOLES
166. Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola
167. Cream-coloured Courser Cursorius cursor
168. Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarum
169. Small Pratincole Glareola lactea
CRAB-PLOVER
170. Crab-plover Dromas ardeola
CROWS AND ALLIES
171. Black-headed Jay Garrutus lanceolatus
172. Carrion Crow Corvus corone
173. Collared Treepie Dendrocitta frontalis
174. Common Green Magpie Cissa chinensis
175. Common Raven Corvus corax
176. Eurasian Jackdaw Corvus monedula
177. Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandarius
178. Eurasian Magpie Pica pica
179. Grey Treepie Dendrocitta formosae
180. Hooded Crow Corvus comix
181. Large-billed Crow Corvus macrorhynchos
182. Large-spotted Nutcracker Nucifraga multipunctata
183. Pied Crow Corvus albus
184. Red-billed Blue Magpie Urocissa erythroryncha
185. Red-billed Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax
186: Rook Corvus frugilegus
187. Rufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda
188. Spotted Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes
189. White-bellied Treepie Dendrocitta leucogastra
190. Yellow-billed Blue Magpie Urocissa flavirostris
191. Yellow-billed Chough Pyrrhocorax graculus
CUCKOOS
192. Andaman Coucal Centropus andamanensis
193. Asian Emerald Cuckoo Chrysococcyx maculatus
194. Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopaceus
195. Banded Bay Cuckoo Cacomantis sonneratii
196. Blue-faced Malkoha Phaenicophaeus viridirostris
197. Chestnut-winged Cuckoo Clamator coromandus
198. Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus
199. Common Hawk Cuckoo Hierococcyx varius
200. Fork-tailed Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus dicruroides
201. Greater Coucal Centropus sinensis
202. Green-billed Malkoha Phaenicophaeus tristis
203. Grey-bellied Cuckob Cacomantis passerinus
204. Hodgson's Hawk Cuckoo Hierococcyx nisicolor
205. Horsfield's Bronze Cuckoo Chrysococcyx basalis
206. Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus
207. Large Hawk Cuckoo Hierococcyx sparverioides
208. Lesser Coucal Centropus bengalensis
209. Lesser Cuckoo Cuculus poliocephalus
210. Oriental Cuckoo Cuculus optatus
211. Pied Cuckoo Clamator jacobinus
212. Plaintive Cuckoo Cacomantis merulinus
213. Sirkeer Malkoha Taccocua leschenaultii
214. Square-tailed Drongo Cuckoo Surniculus lugubris
215. Violet Cuckoo Chrysococcyx xanthorhynchus
DARTERS
216. Oriental Darter Anhinga melanogaster
DIPPERS
217. Brown Dipper Cinclus pallasii
218. White-throated Dipper Cinclus cinclus
DIVERS
219. Black-throated Diver Gavia arctica
220. Red-throated Diver Gavia stellata
DRONGOS
221. Andaman Drongo Dicrurus andamanensis
222. Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus
223. Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus
224. Bronzed Drongo Dicrurus aeneus
225. Crow-billed Drongo Dicrurus annectens
226. Greater Racket-tailed Drongo Dicrurus paradiseus
227. Hair-crested Drongo Dicrurus hottentottus
228. Lesser Racket-tailed Drongo Dicrurus retnifer
229. White-bellied Drongo Dicrurus caerulescens
DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS
230. Baikal Teal Sibirionetta formosa
231. Bar-headed Goose Anser indicus
232. Bean Goose Anser fabcdis
233. Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula
234. Common Merganser Mergus merganser
235. Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna
236. Common Teal Anas crecca
237. Eastern Spot-billed Duck Anas zonorhyncha
238. Eurasian Wigeon Mareca penelope
239. Falcated Duck Mareca falcata
240. Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca
241. Gadwall Mareca strepera
242. Garganey Spatula querquedula
243. Greater Scaup Aythya marila
244. Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons
245. Greylag Goose Anser anser
246. Indian Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha
247. Knob-billed Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos
248. Lesser Whistling Duck Dendrocygna javanica
249. Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus
250. Long tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis
251. Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
252. Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata
253. Mute Swan Cygnus olor
254. Northern Pintail Anas acuta
255. Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata
256. Red-breasted Goose Branta ruficollis
257. Red-breasted Merganser Mergus senator
258. Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina
259. Ruddy Shelduck Tadorn a ferruginea
260. Smew Mergellus albellus
261. Tufted Duck Aythyafuligula
262. Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus
263. Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus
ELACHURA
264. Spotted Elachura Elachura formosa
FAIRY-BLUEBIRDS
265. Asian Fairy-bluebird Irena pueila
FALCONS
266. Collared Falconet Microhierax caerulescens
267. Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus
268. Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo
269. Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni
270. Merlin Falco columbarius
271. Oriental Hobby Falco severus
272. Pied Falconet Microhierax melanoleucos
273. Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus
FANTAILS
274. Spot-breasted Fantail Rhipidura albogularis
275. White-browed Fantail Rhipidura aureola
276. White-throated Fantail Rhipidura albicollis
FINCHES
277. Black-and-yellow Grosbeak Mycerobas icterioides
278. Black-headed Greenfinch Chloris ambigua
279. Blanford's Rosefinch Agraphospiza rubescens
280. Blyth's Rosefinch Carpodacus grandis
281. Brambling Fringilla montifringilla
282. Brandt's Mountain Finch Leucosticte brandti
283. Brown Bullfinch Pyrrhula nipalensis
284. Chinese White-browed Rosefinch Carpodacus dubius
285. Collared Grosbeak Mycerobas affinis
286. Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs
287. Common Linnet Linaria cannabina
288. Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus
289. Crimson-browed Finch Carpodacus subhimachalus
290. Crimson-winged Finch Rhodopechys sanguineus
291. Dark-breasted Rosefinch Procarduelis nipalensis
292. Dark-rumped Rosefinch Carpodacus edwardsii
293. Desert Finch Rhodospiza obsoleta
294. Eurasian Siskin Spinus spinus
295. European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis
296. Fire-fronted Serin Serinus pusillus
297. Gold-naped Finch Pyrrhoplectes epauletta
298. Great Rosefinch Carpodacus rubicilla
299. Grey-headed Bullfinch Pyrrhula erythaca
300. Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes
301. Himalayan Beautiful Rosefinch Carpodacus pulcherrimus
302. Himalayan White-browed Rosefmch Carpodacus thura
303. Mongolian Finch Bucanetes mongolicus
304. Orange Bullfinch Pyrrhula aurantiaca
305. Pale Rockfinch Carpospiza brachydactyla
306. Pale Rosefinch Carpodacus stoliczkae
307. Pink-browed Rosefinch Carpodacus rodochroa
308. Pink-rumped Rosefinch Carpodacus waltoni
309. Plain Mountain Finch Leucosticte nemoricola
310. Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra
311. Red-fronted Rosefinch Carpodacus puniceus
312. Red-headed Bullfinch Pyrrhula erythrocephala
313. Scarlet Finch Carpodacus sipahi
314. Sillem's Rosefinch Carpodacus sillemi
315. Spectacled Finch Callacanthis burtoni
316. Spot-winged Grosbeak Mycerobas melanozanthos
317. Spot-winged Rosefinch Carpodacus rodopeplus
318. Streaked Rosefinch Carpodacus rubicilloides
319. Three-banded Rosefinch Carpodacus trifasciatus
320. Tibetan Siskin Spinus thibetanus
321. Trumpeter Finch Bucanetes githagineus
322. Twite Linaria flavirostris
323. Vinaceous Rosefinch Carpodacus vinaceus
324. White-winged Grosbeak Mycerobas carnipes
325. Yellow-breasted Greenfinch Chtoris spinoides
FLAMINGOS
326. Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus
327. Lesser Flamingo Phoeniconaias minor
FLOWERPECKERS
328. Andaman Flowerpecker Dicaeum virescens
329. Fire-breasted Flowerpecker Dicaeum ignipectus
330. Nilgiri Flowerpecker Dicaeum concolor
331. Pale-billed Flowerpecker Dicaeum erythrorhynchos
332. Plain Flowerpecker Dicaeum minullum
333. Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker Dicaeum cruentatum
334. Thick-billed Flowerpecker Dicaeum agile
335. Yellow-bellied Flowerpecker Dicaeum melanozanthum
336. Yellow-vented Flowerpecker Dicaeum chrysorrheum
FLYCATCHERS, CHATS AND ALLIES
337. Andaman Shama Copsychus albiventris
338. Asian Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa dauurica
339. Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros
340. Black-and-orange Flycatcher Ficedula nigrorufa
341. Black-backed Forktail Enicurus immaculatus
342. Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius
343. Blue Whistling Thrush Myophonus caeruleus
344. Blue-and-white Flycatcher Cyanoptila cyanomelana
345. Blue-capped Redstart Phoenicurus coeruleocephala
346. Blue-capped Rock Thrush Monticola cinclorhyncha
347. Blue-fronted Redstart Phoenicu rus frontalis
348. Blue-fronted Robin Cinclidiumfrontale
349. Bluethroat Luscinia svecica
350. Blue-throated Flycatcher Cyornis rubeculoides
351. Brown Rock Chat Oenanthe fusea
352. Brown-breasted Flycatcher Muscicapa muttui
353. Chestnut-bellied Rock Thrush Monticola rufiventris
354. Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus
355. Dark-sided Flycatcher Muscicapa sibirica
356. Daurian Redstart Phoenicurus auroreus
357. Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti
358. Eversmann's Redstart Phoenicurus erythronotus
359. Ferruginous Flycatcher Muscicapa ferruginea
360. Finsch's Wheatear Oenanthe finschii
361. Firethroat Calliope pectardens
362. Golden Bush Robin Tarsiger chrysaeus
363. Gould's Shortwing Heteroxenicus stellatus
364. Grey Bushchat Saxicola ferreus
365. Hill Blue Flycatcher Cyornis banyumas
366. Himalayan Bush Robin Tarsiger rufilatus
367. Himalayan Rubythroat Calliope pectoralis
368. Himalayan Shortwing Brachypteryx cruralis
369. Hodgson's Redstart Phoenicurus hodgsoni
370. Hume's Wheatear Oenanthe albonigra
371. Indian Blue Robin Larvivora brunnea
372. Indian Robin Copsychus fulicatus
373. Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina
374. Jerdon's Bushchat Saxicola jerdoni
375. Large Niltava Niltava grandis
376. Lesser Shortwing Brachypteryx leucophris
377. Little Forktail Enicurus scouleri
378. Little Pied Flycatcher Ficedula westermanni
379. Malabar Whistling Thrush Myophonus horsfieldii
380. Mugimaki Flycatcher Ficedula mugimaki
381. Nicobar Jungle Flycatcher Cyornis nicobaricus
382. Nilgiri Flycatcher Eumyias albicaudatus
383. Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe
384. Oriental Magpie Robin Copsychus saularis
385. Pale Blue Flycatcher Cyornis unicolor
386. Pale-chinned Flycatcher Cyornis poliogenys
387. Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata
388. Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka
389. Plumbeous Water Redstart Phoenicurus fuliginosus
390. Pygmy Blue Flycatcher Ficedula hodgsoni
391. Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva
392. Red-flanked Bush Robin Tarsiger cyanurus
393. Red-tailed Wheatear Oenanthe chrysopygia
394. Rufous-bellied Niltava Niltava sundara
395. Rufous-breasted Bush Robin Tarsiger hyperythrus
396. Rufous-gorgeted Flycatcher Ficedula strophiata
397. Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis
398. Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas galactotes
399. Rusty-bellied Shortwing Brachypteryx hyperythra
400. Rusty-tailed Flycatcher Ficedula ruficauda
401. Sapphire Flycatcher Ficedula sapphira
402. Siberian Blue Robin Larvivora cyane
403. Siberian Rubythroat Calliope calliope
404. Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maurus
405. Slaty-backed Flycatcher Ficedula erithacus
406. Slaty-backed Forktail Enicurus schistaceus
407. Slaty-blue Flycatcher Ficedula tricolor
408. Small Niltava Niltava macgrigoriae
409. Snowy-browed Flycatcher Ficedula hyperythra
410. Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata
411. Spotted Forktail Enicurus maculatus
412. Stoliczka's Bushchat Saxicola macrorhynchus
413. Taiga Flycatcher Ficedula albicilla
414. Tickell's Blue Flycatcher Cyornis tickelliae
415. Ultramarine Flycatcher Ficedula superciliaris
416. Variable Wheatear Oenanthe picata
417. Verditer Flycatcher Eumyias thalassinus
418. Vivid Niltava Niltava vivida
419. White-bellied Blue Flycatcher Cyornis pallidipes
420. White-bellied Redstart Luscinia phaenicuroides
421. White-browed Bush Robin Tarsiger indicus
422. White-capped Redstart Phoenicurus leucocephalus
423. White-crowned Forktail Enicurus leschenaulti
424. White-gorgeted Flycatcher Anthipes monileger
425. White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus
426. White-tailed Blue Flycatcher Cyornis concretus
427. White-tailed Robin Myiomela leucura
428. White-tailed Stonechat Saxicola leucurus
429. White-throated Redstart Phoenicurus schisticeps
430. White-winged Redstart Phoenicurus erythrogastrus
431. Yellow-rumped Flycatcher Ficedula zanthopygia
432. Zappey's Flycatcher Cyanoptila cumatilis
FRIGATEBIRDS
433. Great Frigatebird Fregata minor
434. Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel
GANNETS AND BOOBIES
435. Brown Booby Sula leucogaster
436. Masked Booby Sula dactylatra
437. Red-footed Booby Sula sula
GOLDCRESTS
438. Goldcrest Regulus regulus
GREBES
439. Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis
440. Great Crested Gyebe Podiceps cristatus
441. Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus
442. Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis
443. Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena
GULLS AND TERNS
444. Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea
445. Black Noddy Anous minutus
446. Black Tern Chlidonias niger
447. Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus
448. Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla
449. Black-naped Tern Sterna sumatrana
450. Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus
451. Brown Noddy Anous stolidus
452. Brown-headed Gull Chroicocephalus brunnicephalus
453. Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans
454. Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia
455. Common Tern Sterna hirundo
456. Franklin's Gull Leucophaeus pipixcan
457. Greater Crested Tern Thalasseus bergii
458. Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus
459. Lesser Crested Tern Thalasseus bengalensis
460. Lesser Noddy Anous tenuirostris
461. Little Gull Hydrocoloeus minutus
462. Little Tern Sternula albifrons
463. Mew Gull Larus canus
464. Mongolian Gull Larus smithsonianus mongolicus
465. Pallas's Gull Ichthyaetus ichthyaetus
466. Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii
467. Sabine's Gull Xema sabini
468. Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis
469. Saunders's Tern Sternula saundersi
470. Slender-billed Gull Chroicocephalus genei
471. Sooty Gull Ichthyaetus hemprichii
472. Sooty Tern Onychoprionfuscatus
473. Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida
474. White Tern Gygis alba
475. White-cheeked Tern Sterna repressa
476. White-eyed Gull Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus
477. White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus
HONEYGUIDES
478. Yellow-rumped Honeyguide Indicator xanthonotus
HOOPOES
479. Common Hoopoe Upupa epops
HORNBILLS
480. Indian Grey Hornbill Ocyceros birostris
HYPOCOLIUS
481. Grey Hypocolius Hypocolius ampelinus
IBISES AND SPOONBILLS
482. Black-headed Ibis Threskiornis melanocephalus
483. Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus
484. Red-naped Ibis Pseudibis papillosa
IORAS
485. Common Iora Aegithina tiphia
456. Marshall's Iora Aegithina nigrolutea
JACANAS
487. Bronze winged Jacana Metopidius indicus
488. Pheasant-tailed Jacana Hydrophasianus chirurgus
KINGFISHERS
489. Black-capped Kingfisher Halcyon pileata
490. Blue-eared Kingfisher Alcedo meninting
491. Brown-winged Kingfisher Pelargopsis amauroptera
492. Collared Kingfisher Todiramphus chloris
493. Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis
494. Crested Kingfisher Megaceryle lugubris
495. Oriental Dwarf Kingfisher Ceyx erithaca
496. Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis
497. Ruddy Kingfisher Halcyon coromanda
498. Stork-billed Kingfisher Pelargopsis capensis
499. White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smymensis
KITES, HAWKS AND EAGLES
500. Black Kite Milvus migrans
501. Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus
502. European Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus
503. Legge's Hawk Eagle Nisaetus kelaarti
504. Oriental Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus
505. Rough-legged Buzzard Buteo lagopus
LARKS
506. Ashy-crowned Sparrow Lark Eremopterix griseus
507. Bengal Bushlark Mirafra assamica
508. Bimaculated Lark Melanocorypha bimaculata
509. Black-crowned Sparrow Lark Eremopterix nigriceps
510. Crested Lark Galerida cristata
511. Desert Lark Ammomanes deserti
512. Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis
513. Greater Hoopoe Lark Alaemon alaudipes
514. Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla
515. Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris
516. Hume's Short-toed Lark Calandrella acutirostris
517. Indian Bushlark Mirafra erythroptera
518. Jerdon's Bushlark Mirafra affinis
519. Lesser Short-toed Lark Alaudala rufescens
520. Malabar Lark Galerida malabarica
521. Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula
522. Rufous-tailed Lark Ammomanes phoenicura
523. Sand Lark Alaudala raytal
524. Singing Bushlark Mirafra cantillans
525. Sykes's Lark Galerida deva
526. Sykes's Short-toed Lark Calandrella dukhunensis
527. Tibetan Lark Melanocorypha maxima
LAUGHINGTHRUSHES AND LARGE BABBLERS
528. Assam Laughingthfush Trochalopteron chrysopterum
529. Beautiful Sibia Heterophasia pulchella
530. Bhutan Laughingthrush Trochalopteron imbricatum
531. Black-faced Laughingthrush Trochalopteron affine
532. Blue-winged Laughingthrush Trochalopteron squamatum
533. Blue-winged Minla Actinodura cyanouroptera
534. Brown-cheeked Fulvetta Alcippe poioicephala
535. Chestnut-crowned Laughingthrush Trochalopteron erythroeephalum
536. Chestnut-tailed Minla Actinodura strigula
537. Common Babbler Argya caudata
538. Elliot's Laughingthrush Trochalopteron elliotii
539. Greater Necklaced Laughingthrush Pterorhinus pectoralis
540. Grey Sibia Heterophasia gracilis
541. Himalayan Cutia Cutia nipalensis
542. Hoary-throated Barwing Actinodura nipalensis
543. Jungle Babbler Argya striata
544. Large Grey Babbler Argya malcolmi
545. Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush Garrulax monileger
546. Long-tailed Sibia Heterophasia picaoides
547. Mount Victoria Babax Pterorhinus woodi
548. Nepal Fulvetta Alcippe nipalensis
549. Palani Laughingthrush Montecincla fairbanki
550. Red-billed Leiothrix Leiothrix lutea
551. Red-faced Liocichla Liocichla phoenicea
552. Red-tailed Minla Minla ignotincta
553. Rufous Babbler Argya subrufa
554. Rufous Sibia Heterophasia capistrata
555. Rufous-backed Sibia Leioptila annectens
556. Rufous-chinned Laughingthrush Ianthocincla rufogularis
557. Rufous-necked Laughingthrush Pterorhinus ruficollis
558. Rufous-vented Laughingthrush Pterorhinus gularis
559. Rusty-fronted Barwing Actinodura egertoni
560. Scaly Laughingthrush Trochalopteron subunicolor
561. Silver-eared Mesia Leiothrix argentauris
562. Spot-breasted Laughingthrush Garrulax merulinus
563. Spotted Laughingthrush Ianthocincla ocellata
564. Streaked Laughingthrush Trochalopteron lineatum
565. Streak-throated Barwing Actinodura waldeni
566. Striated Babbler Argya earlei
567. Striated Laughingthrush Grammatoptila striata
568. Striped Laughingthrush Trochalopteron virgatum
569. Variegated Laughingthrush Trochalopteron variegatum
570. Wayanad Laughingthrush Pterorhinus delesserti
571. White-browed Laughingthrush Pterorhinus sannio
572. White-crested Laughingthrush Garrulax leucolophus
573. White-throated Laughingthrush Pterorhinus albogularis
574. Yellow-billed Babbler Argya affinis
575. Yellow-throated Laughingthrush Pterorhinus galbanus
LEAF WARBLERS
576. Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis
577. Blyth's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus reguloides
578. Chestnut-crowned Warbler Phylloscopus castaniceps
579. Claudia's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus claudiae
580. Grey-hooded Warbler Phylloscopus xanthoschistos
581. Tytler's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus tytleri
582. Western Crowned Warbler Phylloscopus occipitalis
583. Yellow-vented Warbler Phylloscopus cantator
LEAFBIRDS
584. Blue-winged Leafbird Chloropsis cochinchinensis
585. Golden-fronted Leafbird Chloropsis aurifrons
586. Jerdon's Leafbird Chloropsis jerdoni
587. Orange-bellied Leafbird Chloropsis hardwickii
LOCUSTELLA WARBLERS AND ALLIES
588. Baikal Bush Warbler Locustella davidi
589. Brown Bush Warbler Locustella luteoventris
590. Chinese Bush Warbler Locustella tacsanowskia
591. Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naevia
592. Long-billed Bush Warbler Locustella major
593. Russet Bush Warbler Locustella mandelli
594. Spotted Bush Warbler Locustella thoracica
595. Striated Grassbird Megalurus palustris
LONG-TAILED TITS
596. Black-browed Tit Aegithalos iouschistos
597. Black-throated Tit Aegithalos concinnus
598. White-cheeked Ti$ Aegithalos leucogenys
599. White-throated Tit Aegithalos niveogularis
MINIVETS AND CUCKOOSHRIKES
600. Andaman Cuckooshrike Coracina dobsoni
601. Ashy Minivet Pericrocotus divaricatus
602. Black-headed Cuckooshrike Lalage melanoptera
603. Black-winged Cuckooshrike Lalage melaschistos
604. Grey-chinned Minivet Pericrocotus Solaris
605. Large Cuckooshrike Coracina macei
606. Long-tailed Minivet Pericrocotus ethologus
607. Orange Minivet Pericrocotus flammeus
608. Pied Triller Lalage nigra
609. Rosy Minivet Pericrocotus roseus
610 Scarlet Minivet Pericrocotus speciosus
611. Short-billed Minivet Pericrocotus brevirostris
612. Swinhoe's Minivet Pericrocotus cantonensis
613. White-bellied Minivet Pericrocotus erythropygius
MONARCHS
614. Amur Paradise-flycatcher Terpsiphone incei
615. Black-naped Monarch Hypothymis azurea
616. Blyth's Paradise-flycatcher Terpsiphone affinis
617. Indian Paradise-flycatcher Terpsiphone paradisi
MUNIAS
618. Black-throated Munia Lonchura kelaarti
619. Chestnut Munia Lonchura atricapilla
620. Indian Silverbill Euodice malabarica
621. Red Munia Amandava amandava
622. Scaly-breasted Munia Lonchura punctulata
623. Tricoloured Munia Lonchura malacca
624. White-rumped Munia Lonchura striata
NIGHTJARS
625. Andaman Nightjar Caprimulgus andamanicus
626. European Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus
627. Great Eared Nightjar Lyncornis macrotis
628. Grey Nightjar Caprimulgus jotaka
629. Indian Nightjar Caprimulgus asiaticus
630. Jerdon's Nightjar Caprimulgus atripennis
631. Jungle Nightjar Caprimulgus indicus
632. Large-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus macrurus
633. Savanna Nightjar Caprimulgus affinis
634. Sykes's Nightjar Caprimulgus mahrattensis
NUTHATCHES
635. Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch Sitta cinnamoventris
636. Chestnut-vented Nuthatch Sitta nagaensis
637. Indian Nuthatch Sitta castanea
638. Kashmir Nuthatch Sitta cashmirensis
639. Velvet-fronted Nuthatch Sitta frontalis
640. White-cheeked Nuthatch Sitta leucopsis
641. White-tailed Nuthatch Sitta himalayensis
642. Yunnan Nuthatch Sitta yunnanensis
ORIOLES
643. Black-hooded Oriole Oriolus xanthornus
644. Black-naped Oriole Oriolus chinensis
645. Eurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus
646. Indian Golden Oriole Oriolus kundoo
647. Maroon Oriole Oriolus traillii
648. Slender-billed Oriole Oriolus tenuirostris
OWLS
649. Andaman Hawk Owl Ninox affinis
650. Andaman Scops Owl Otus balli
651. Asian Barred Owlet Glaucidium cuculoides
652. Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus
653. Brown Hawk Owl Ninox scutulata
654. Collared Owlet Taenioptynx brodiei
655. Collared Scops Owl Otus lettia
656. Dusky Eagle Owl Bubo coromandus
657. Eurasian Scops Owl Otus scops
658. Himalayan Owl Strix nivicolum
659. Hume's Hawk Owl Ninox obscura
660. Indian Scops Owl Otus bakkamoena
661. Jungle Owlet Glaucidium radiatum
662. Little Owl Athene noctua
663. Mountain Scops Owl Otus spilocephalus
664. Nicobar Scops Owl Otus alius
665. Oriental Scops Owl Otus sunia
666. Pallid Scops Owl Otus brucei
667. Spotted Owlet Athene brama
668. Tawny Owl Strix aluco
OYSTERCATCHERS
669. Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus
PAINTED-SNIPES
670. Greater Painted-snipe Rostratula benghalensis
PARROTBILLS AND ALLIES
671. Black-throated Parrotbill Suthora nipalensis
672. Brown Parrotbill Cholornis unicolor
673. Brown-throated Fulvetta Fulvetta ludlowi
674. Fire-tailed Myzornis Myzornis pyrrhoura
675. Fulvous Parrotbill Suthora fulvifrons
676. Golden-breasted Fulvetta Lioparus chrysotis
677. Great Parrotbill Conostoma demodium
678. Grey-headed Parrotbill Psittiparus gularis
679. Lesser Rufous-headed Parrotbill Chleuasicus atrosuperciliaris
680. Manipur Fulvetta Fulvetta manipurensis
681. Rufous-headed Parrotbill Psittiparus bakeri
682. Spot-breasted Parrotbill Paradoxornis guttaticollis
683. White-breasted Parrotbill Psittiparus ruficeps
684. White-browed Fulvetta Fulvetta vinipectus
685. Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense
PARROTS
686. Alexandrine Parakeet Psittacula eupatria
687. Blossom-headed Parakeet Psittacula roseata
688. Grey-headed Parakeet Psittacula finschii
689. Long-tailed Parakeet Psittacula longicauda
690. Malabar Parakeet Psittacula columboides
691. Nicobar Parakeet Psittacula caniceps
692. Plum-headed Parakeet Psittacula cyanocephala
693. Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri
694. Slaty-headed Parakeet Psittacula himalayana
695. Vernal Hanging Parrot Loriculus vernalis
PARTRIDGES, QUAILS, AND PHEASANTS
696. Black Francolin Francolinus francolinus
697. Blue-breasted Quail Synoicus chinensis
698. Chinese Francolin Francolinus pintadeanus
699. Chukar Partridge Alectoris chukar
700. Common Quail Coturnix coturnix
701. Grey Francolin Francolinus pondicerianus
702. Hill Partridge Arborophila torqueola
703. Himalayan Snowcock Tetraogallus himalayensis
704. Japanese Quail Coturnix japonica (excluding birds of the farm bred variety)
705. Jungle Bush Quail Perdicula asiatica
706. Koklass Pheasant Pucrasia macrolopha
707. Painted Bush Quail Perdicula erythrorhyncha
708. Painted Francolin Francolinus pictus
709. Painted Spurfowl Galloperdix lunulata
710. Rain Quail Coturnix coromandelica
711. Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus
712. Red Spurfowl Galloperdix spadicea
713. Rock Bush Quail Perdicula argoondah
714. Rufous-throated Partridge Arborophila rufogularis
715. Snow Partridge Lerwa lerwa
716. White-cheeked Partridge Arborophila atrogularis
PELICANS
717. Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus
718. Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus
719. Spot-billed Pelican Pelecanus philippensis
PENDULINE TITS
720. White-crowned Penduline Tit Remiz coronatus
PETRELS AND SHEARWATERS
721. Barau's Petrel Pterodroma baraui
722. Cory's Shearwater Calonectris borealis
723. Flesh-footed Shearwater Ardenna carneipes
724. Jouanin's Petrel Bulweriafallax
725. Persian Shearwater Puffinus persicus
726. Short-tailed Shearwater Ardenna tenuirostris
727. Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas
728. Tropical Shearwater Puffinus bailloni
729. Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica
PIGEONS AND DOVES
730. Andaman Cuckoo Dove Macropygia rufipennis
731. Andaman Wood Pigeon Columba palumboides
732. Ashy Wood Pigeon Columba pulchricollis
733. Ashy-headed Green Pigeon Treron phayrei
734. Asian Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica
735. Barred Cuckoo Dove Macropygia unchall
736. Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus
737. Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto
738. European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur
739. Green Imperial Pigeon Ducula aenea
740. Grey-fronted Green Pigeon Treron affinis
741. Hill Pigeon Columba rupestris
742. Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis
743. Mountain Imperial Pigeon Ducula badia
744. Namaqua Dove Oena capensis
745. Nicobar Imperial Pigeon Ducula nicobarica
746. Orange-breasted Green Pigeon Treron bicinctus
747. Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis
748. Pied Imperial Pigeon Ducula bicolor
749. Pin-tailed Green Pigeon Treron apicauda
750. Red Collared Dove Streptopelia tranquebarica
751. Snow Pigeon Columba leuconota
752. Speckled Wood Pigeon Columba hodgsonii
753. Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis
754. Thick-billed Green Pigeon Treron curvirostra
755. Wedge-tailed Green Pigeon Treron sphenurus
756. Yellow-footed Green Pigeon Treron phoenicopterus
PIPITS AND WAGTAILS
757. Blyth's Pipit Anthus godlewskii
758. Buff-bellied Pipit Anthus rubescens
759. Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola
760. Eastern Yellow Wagtail Motacilla tschutschensis
761. Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea
762. Long-billed Pipit Anthus similis
763. Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis
764. Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni
765. Paddyfield Pipit Anthus rufulus
766. Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus
767. Richard's Pipit Anthus richardi
768. Rosy Pipit Anthus roseatus
769. Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris
770. Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis
771. Upland Pipit Anthus sylvanus
772. Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta
773. Western Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava
774. White Wagtail Motacilla alba
775. White-browed Wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis
PITTAS
776. Blue Pitta Hydrorhis cyaneus
777. Blue naped Pitta Hydrornis nipalensis
778. Blue-winged Pitta Pitta moluccensis
779. Hooded Pitta Pitta sordida
780. Indian Pitta Pitta brachyura
781. Mangrove Pitta Pitta megarhyncha
PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS
782. American Golden Plover Pluvialis dominica
783. Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus
784. Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula
785. Eurasian Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria
786. Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii
787. Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola
788, Grey-headed Lapwing Vanellus cinereus
789. Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus
790. Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus
791. Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius
792. Long-billed Plover Charadrius placidus
793. Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus
794. Oriental Plover Charadrius veredus
795. Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus
796. River Lapwing Vanellus duvaucelii
797. White-tailed Lapwing Vanellus leucurus
798. Yellow-wattled Lapwing Vanellus malabaricus
RAILS AND COOTS
799. Andaman Crake Rallina canningi
800. Baillon's Crake Zapornia pusilla
801. Black-tailed Crake Zapornia bicolor
802. Brown Crake Zapornia akool
803. Brown-cheeked Rail Rallus indicus
804. Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus
805. Corncrake Crex crex
806. Eurasian Coot Fulica atra
807. Grey-headed Swamphen Porphyrio poliocephalus
808. Little Crake Zapornia parva
809. Ruddy-breasted Crake Zapornia fusca
810. Slaty-breasted Rail Lewinia striata
811. Slaty-legged Crake Rallina eurizonoides
812. Spotted Crake Porzana porzana
813. Water Rail Rallus aquaticus
814. Watercock Gallicrex cinerea
815. White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus
816. White-browed Crake Poliolimnas cinereus
REED WARBLERS AND ALLEES
817. Black-browed Reed Warbler Acrocephalus bistrigiceps
818. Blunt-winged Warbler Acrocephalus concinens
819. Blyth's Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum
820. Clamorous Reed Warbler Acrocephalus stentoreus
821. Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus
822. Large-billed Reed Warbler Acrocephalus orinus
823. Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon
824. Oriental Reed Warbler Acrocephalus orientalis
825. Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus agricola
826. Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus
ROLLERS
827. Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis
828. European Roller Coracias garrulus
829. Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis
830. Indochinese Roller Coracias affinis
SANDGROUSES
831. Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis
832. Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles exustus
833. Painted Sandgrouse Pterocles indicus
834. Pallas's Sandgrouse Syrrhaptes paradoxus
835. Pin-tailed Sandgrouse Pterocles alchata
836. Spotted Sandgrouse Pterocles senegallus
837. Tibetan Sandgrouse Syrrhaptes tibetanus
SANDPIPERS
838. Asian Dowitcher Limnodromus semipalmatus
839. Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica
840. Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa
841. Broad-billed Sandpiper Calidris falcinellus
842. Buff-breasted Sandpiper Calidris subruficollis
843. Common Redshank Tringa totanus
844. Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos
845. Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago
846. Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea
847. Dunlin Calidris alpina
848. Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata
849. Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola
850. Great Snipe Gallinago media
851. Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus
852. Grey-tailed Tattler Tringa brevipes
853. Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus
854. Little Stint Calidris minuta
855. Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus
856. Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta
857. Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis
858. Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos
859. Pintail Snipe Gallinago stenura
860. Red Knot Calidris canutus
861. Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius
862. Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus
863. Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis
864. Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres
865. Ruff Calidris pugnax
866. Sanderling Calidris alba
867. Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata
868. Solitary Snipe Gallinago solitaria
869. Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus
870. Swinhoe's Snipe Gallinago megala
871. Temminck's Stint Calidris temminckii
872. Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus
873. Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus
874. Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola
SCIMITAR BABBLERS AND ALLIES
875. Black-chinned Babbler Cyanoderma pyrrhops
876. Buff-chested Babbler Cyanoderma ambiguum
877. Cachar Wedge-billed Babbler Stachyris roberti
878. Chestnut-capped Babbler Timalia pileata
879. Chin Hills Wren Babbler Spelaeornis oatesi
880. Coral-billed Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus ferruginosus
881. Dark-fronted Babbler Dumetia atriceps
882. Golden Babbler Cyanoderma chrysaeum
883. Grey-bellied Wren Babbler Spelaeornis reptatus
884. Grey-throated Babbler Stachyris nigriceps
885. Indian Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus horsfieldii
886. Large Scimitar Babbler Erythrogenys hypoleucos
887. Pin-striped Tit Babbler Mixornis gularis
888. Red-billed Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus ochraceiceps
889. Rufous-capped Babbler Cyanoderma ruficeps
890. Rufous-throated Wren Babbler Spelaeornis caudatus
891. Rusty-cheeked Scimitar Babbler Erythrogenys erythrogenys
892. Slender-billed Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus superciliaris
893. Spot-breasted Scimitar Babbler Erythrogenys mcclellandi
894. Streak-breasted Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus ruficollis
895. Tawny-bellied Babbler Dumetia hyperythra
896. White-browed Scimitar Babbler Pomatorhinus schisticeps
SHRIKE-BABBLERS AND ALLIES
897. Black-eared Shrike-babbler Pteruthius melanotis
898. Black-headed Shrike-babbler Pteruthius rufiventer
899. Blyth's Shrike-babbler Pteruthius aeralatus
900. Clicking Shrike-babbler Pteruthius intermedius
901. Green Shrike-babbler Pteruthius xanthochlorus
902. Himalayan Shrike-babbler Pteruthius ripleyi
903. White-bellied Erpornis Erpornis zantholeuca
SHRIKES
904. Bay-backed Shrike Lanius vittatus
905. Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus
906. Burmese Shrike Lanius collurioides
907. Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor
908. Grey-backed Shrike Lanius tephronotus
909. Isabelline Shrike Lanius isabellinus
910. Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius minor
911. Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach
912. Masked Shrike Lanius nubicus
913. Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio
914. Red-tailed Shrike Lanius phoenicuroides
915. Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator
SKUAS
916. Arctic Skua Stercorarius parasiticus
917. Brown Skua Stercorarius antarcticus
918. Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius longicaudus
919. Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus
920. South Polar Skua Stercorarius maccormicki
SMALL BABBLERS, FULVETTAS
AND ALLIES
921. Abbott's Babbler Malacocincla abbotti
922. Buff-breasted Babbler Pellorneum tickelli
923. Eyebrowed Wren Babbler Napothera epilepidota
924. Indian Grassbird Graminicola bengalensis
925. Long-billed Wren Babbler Napothera malacoptila
926. Puff-throated Babbler Pellorneum ruficeps
927. Rufous-diroated Fulvetta Schoeniparus rufogularis
928. Rufous-winged Fulvetta Schoeniparus castaneceps
929. Rusty-capped Fulvetta Schoeniparus dubius
930. Spot-uiroated Babbler Pellorneum albiventre
931. Streaked Wren Babbler Gypsophila brevicaudata
932. White-hooded Babbler Gampsorhynchus rufulus
933. Yellow-throated Fulvetta Schoeniparus cinereus
SOUTHERN STORM-PETRELS
934. Black-bellied Storm-petrel Fregetta tropica
935. White-faced Storm-petrel Pelagodroma marina
936. Wilson's Storm-petrel Oceanites oceanicus
SPARROWS AND SNOWFINCHES
937. Black-winged Snowfinch Montifringilla adamsi
938. Blanford's Snowfinch Pyrgilauda blanfordi
939. Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus
940. House Sparrow Passer domesticus
941. Rock Sparrow Petronia petronia
942. Rufous-necked Snowfinch Pyrgilauda ruficollis
943. Russet Sparrow Passer cinnamomeus
944. Sind Sparrow Passer pyrrhonotus
945. Spanish Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis
946. White-rumped Snowfinch Onychostruthus taczanowskii
947. Yellow-throated Sparrow Gymnoris xanthocollis
STARLINGS AND MYNAS
948. Asian Glossy Starling Aplonis panayensis
949. Asian Pied Starling Gracupica contra
950. Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus
951. Brahminy Starling Sturnia pagodarum
952. Chestnut-cheeked Starling Agropsar philippensis
953. Chestnut-tailed Starling Sturnia malabarica
954. Collared Myna Acridotheres albocinctus
955. Common Myna Acridotheres tristis
956. Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris
957. Daurian Starling Agropsar sturninus
958. Golden-crested Myna Ampeliceps coronatus
959. Great Myna Acridotheres grandis
960. Jungle Myna Acridotheres fuscus
961. Malabar Starling Sturnia blythii
962. Red-billed Starling Spodiopsar sericeus
963. Rosy Starling Pastor roseus
964. Spot-winged Starling Saroglossa spilopterus
965. White-cheeked Starling Spodiopsar cineraceus
966. White-headed Starling Sturnia erythropygia
STILTS AND AVOCETS
967. Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus
968. Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta
STORKS
969. Asian Openbill Anastomus oscitans
970. Black Stork Ciconia nigra
971. Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus
972. Painted Stork Mycteria leucocephala
973. Woolly-necked Stork Ciconia episcopus
SUNBIRDS
974. Black-throated Sunbird Aethopyga saturata
975. Crimson Sunbird Aethopyga siparaja
976. Crimson-backed Sunbird Leptocoma minima
977. Fire-tailed Sunbird Aethopyga ignicauda
978. Green-tailed Sunbird Aethopyga nipalensis
979. Little Spiderhunter Arachnothera longirostra
980. Loten's Sunbird Cinnyris lotenius
981. Mrs Gould's Sunbird Aethopyga gouldiae
982. Olive-backed Sunbird Cinnyris jugularis
983. Purple Sunbird Cinnyris asiaticus
984. Purple-rumped Sunbird Leptocoma zeylonica
985. Ruby-cheeked Sunbird Chalcoparia singalensis
986. Streaked Spiderhunter Arachnothera magna
987. Van Hasselt's Sunbird Leptocoma brasiliana
988. Vigors's Sunbird Aethopyga vigorsii
SWALLOWS AND MARTINS
989. Asian House Martin Delichon dasypus
990. Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica
991. Dusky Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne concolor
992. Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris
993. Grey-throated Martin Riparia chinensis
994. Hill Swallow Hirundo domicola
995. Nepal House Martin Delichon nipalense
996. Northern House Martin Delichon urbicum
997. Pacific Swallow Hirundo tahitica
998. Pale Martin Riparia diluta
999. Red-rumped Swallow Cecropis daurica
1000. Sand Martin Riparia riparia
1001. Streak-throated Swallow Petrochelidon fluvicola
1002. Striated Swallow Cecropis striolata
1003. Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo smithii
SWIFTS
1004. Alpine Swift Tachymarptis melba
1005. Asian Palm Swift Cypsiurus balasiensis
1006. Blyth's Swift Apus leuconyx
1007. Brown-backed Needletail Hirundapus giganteus
1008. Common Swift Apus apus
1009. Himalayan Swiftlet Aerodramus brevirostris
1010. Indian House Swift Apus affinis
1011. Nepal House Swift Apus nipalensis
1012. Pacific Swift Apus pacificus
1013. Plume-toed Swiftlet Collocalia affinis
1014. Silver-backed Needletail Hirundapus cochinchinensis
1015. White-rumped Spinetail Zoonavena sylvatica
1016. White-throated Needletail Hirundapus caudacutus
SYLVIA WARBLERS AND ALLIES
1017. Asian Desert Warbler Curruca nana
1018. Barred Warbler Curruca nisoria
1019. Common Whitethroat Curruca communis
1020. Eastern Orphean Warbler Curruca crassirostris
1021. Garden Warbler Sylvia borin
1022. Lesser Whitethroat Curruca curruca
THICK-KNEES
1023. Beach Thick-knee Esacus magnirostris
1024. Great Thick-knee Esacus recurvirostris
1025. Indian Thick-knee Burhinus indicus
THRUSHES AND ALLEES
1026. Alpine Thrush Zoothera mollissima
1027. Black-breasted Thrush Turdus dissimilis
1028. Black-throated Thrush Turdus atrogularis
1029. Chestnut Thrush Turdus rubrocanus
1030. Chinese Thrush Otocichla mupinensis
1031. Dark-sided Thrush Zoothera marginata
1032. Dusky Thrush Turdus eunomus
1033. Eyebrowed Thrush Turdus obscurus
1034. Fieldfare Turdus pilaris
1035. Grandala Grandala coelicolor
1036. Green Cochoa Cochoa viridis
1037. Grey-sided Thrush Turdus feae
1038. Grey-winged Blackbird Turdus boulboul
1039. Himalayan Forest Thrush Zoothera salimalii
1040. Indian Blackbird Turdus simillimus
1041. Japanese Thrush Turdus cordis
1042. Kessler's Thrush Turdus kessleri
1043. Long-billed Thrush Zoothera monticola
1044. Long-tailed Thrush Zoothera dixoni
1045. Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus
1046. Naumann's Thrush Turdus naumanni
1047. Orange-headed Thrush Geokichla citrina
1048. Pied Thrush Geokichla wardii
1049. Purple Cochoa Cochoa purpurea
1050. Red-throated Thrush Turdus ruficollis
1051. Scaly Thrush Zoothera dauma
1052. Siberian Thrush Geokichla sibirica
1053. Song Thrush Turdus philomelos
1054. Tibetan Blackbird Turdus maximus
1055. Tickell's Thrush Turdus unicolor
1056. White-collared Blackbird Turdus albocinctus
TITS
1057. Azure Tit Cyanistes cyanus
1058. Cinereous Tit Parus cinereus
1059. Coal Tit Periparus ater
1060. Fire-capped Tit Cephalopyrus flammiceps
1061. Green-backed Tit Parus monticolus
1062. Grey-crested Tit Lophophanes dichrous
1063. Ground Tit Pseudopodoces humilis
1064. Himalayan Black-lored Tit Machlolophus xanthogenys
1065. Indian Black-lored Tit Machlolophus aplonotus
1066. Rufous-naped Tit Periparus. rufonuchalis
1067. Rufous-vented Tit Periparus rubidiventris
1068. Sultan Tit Melanochlora sultanea
1069. Yellow-browed Tit Sylviparus modestus
1070. Yellow-cheeked Tit Machlolophus spilonotus
TREE-CREEPERS AND ALLIES
1071. Bar-tailed Treecreeper Certhia himalayana
1072. Hodgson's Treecreeper Certhia hodgsoni
1073. Hume's Treecreeper Certhia manipurensis
1074. Indian Spotted Creeper Salpornis spilonota
1075. Rusty-flanked Treecreeper Certhia nipalensis
1076. Sikkim Treecreeper Certhia discolor
TROGONS
1077. Malabar Trogon Harpactes fasciatus
1078. Red-headed Trogon Harpactes erythrocephalus
TROPICBIRDS
1079. Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus
1080. Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda
1081. White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus
WALLCREEPER
1082. Wallcreeper Tichodroma muraria
WAXWINGS
1083. Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus
WEAVERS
1084. Baya Weaver Ploceus philippinus
1085. Black-breasted Weaver Ploceus benghalensis
1086. Streaked Weaver Ploceus manyar
WHISTLERS
1087. Mangrove Whistler Pachycephala cinerea
WHITE-EYES, YUHINAS AND ALLIES
1088. Black-chinned Yuhina Yuhina nigrimenta
1089. Chestnut-flanked White-eye Zosterops erythropleurus
1090. Indian White-eye Zosterops palpebrosus
1091. Rufous-vented Yuhina Yuhina occipitalis
1092. Striated Yuhina Staphida castaniceps
1093. Stripe-throated Yuhina Yuhina gularis
1094. Whiskered Yuhina Yuhina flavicollis
1095. White-naped Yuhina Yuhina bakeri
WOODPECKERS AND ALLIES
1096. Bay Woodpecker Blythipicus pyrrhotis
1097. Black-rumped Flameback Dinopium benghalense
1098. Brown-capped Pygmy Woodpecker Yungipicus nanus
1099. Brown-fronted Woodpecker Dendrocoptes auriceps
1100. Common Flameback Dinopium javanense
1101. Crimson-breasted Woodpecker Dryobates cathpharius
1102. Darjeeling Woodpecker Dendrocopos darjellensis
1103. Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla
1104. Freckle-breasted Woodpecker Dendrocopos analis
1105. Fulvous-breasted Woodpecker Dendrocopos macei
1106. Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major
1107. Greater Flameback Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus
1108. Greater Yellownape Chrysophlegma flavinucha
1109. Grey-capped Pygmy Woodpecker Yungipicus canicapillus
1110. Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus
1111. Himalayan Flameback Dinopium shorii
1112. Himalayan Woodpecker Dendrocopos himalayensis
1113. Lesser Yellownape Picus chlorolophus
1114. Pale-headed Woodpecker Gecinulus grantia
1115. Rufous Woodpecker Micropternus brachyurus
1116. Rufous-bellied Woodpecker Dendrocopos hyperythrus
1117. Scaly-bellied Woodpecker Picus squamatus
1118. Sind Woodpecker Dendrocopos assimilis
1119. Speckled Piculet Picumnus innominatus
1120. Streak-throated Woodpecker Picus xanthopygaeus
1121. Stripe-breasted Woodpecker Dendrocopos atratus
1122. White-bellied Woodpecker Dryocopus javensis
1123. White-browed Piculet Sasia ochracea
1124. White-naped Woodpecker Chrysocolaptes festivus
WOODSHRIKES AND ALLIES
1125. Bar-winged Flycatcher-shrike Hemipus picatus
1126. Common Woodshrike Tephrodornis pondicerianus
1127. Large Woodshrike Tephrodornis virgatus
1128. Malabar Woodshrike Tephrodornis sylvicola
WOODSWALLOWS
1129. Ashy Woodswallow Artamus fuscus
1130. White-breasted Woodswallow Artamus leucorynchus
WREN BABBLERS
1131. Nepal Wren Babbler Pnoepyga immaculata
1132. Pygmy Wren Babbler Pnoepyga pusilla
1133. Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler Pnoepyga albiventer
WRENS
1134. Eurasian Wren Troglodytes troglodytes
PART C : REPTILES
Sl.
No.
Common Name Scientific Name
GECKOS
1. Banded Bent-toed Gecko Cyrtodactylus fasciolatus
2. Clouded Indian Gecko Cyrtodactylus nebulosus
3. Collegal Ground Gecko Cyrtodactylus collegalensis
4. Deccan banded gecko Cyrtodactylus albofasciatus
5. Deccan Ground Gecko Cyrtodactylus deccanensis
6. Varad Giri's Ground Gecko Cyrtodactylus varadgirii
TURTLES
7. Asian leaf turtle Cyclemys gemeli
8. Brown roofed Turtle Pangshura smithii
9. Indian Black Turtle Melanochelys trijuga
LIZARDS
10. Asian Glass Lizard Dopasia gracilis
11. Anamalai spiny lizard Salea anamallayana
12. Horsfield's spiny lizard Salea horsfieldii
13. Southern flying lizard Draco dussumieri
BOAS
14. All species of the Family Boidae except for those listed in Schedule I
SNAKES
15. Blind Snakes All species of the Family Typhlopidae
16. Colubrid Snakes All species of the Family Colubridae except those listed in Schedule I
17. Elapid Snakes All species of the Family Elapidae except for those listed in Schedule I
18. Sand snakes All species of Family Psammophiidae
19. Shield-tailed Snakes All species of the Family Uropeltidae
20. Sunbeam Snake All species of the Family Xenopeltidae
21. Thread Snakes All species of the Family Leptotyphlopidae
22. Vipers All species of the Family Viperidae except for those listed in Schedule I
PART D : AMPHIBIANS
Sl. No. Common Name Scientific Name
TOADS
1. Kemp's Tree Toad Bufoides kempi
2. Khasi Hills Toad Bufoides meghalayanus
3. Malabar Tree Toad Pedostibes tuberculosus
FROGS
4. Aloysi Pond Frog Phrynoderma aloysii
5. Annandale's Frog/Assam Hills Frog Clinotarsus alticola
6. Bompu Litter Frog Leptobrachium bompu
7. Chin Woodfrog Sylvirana lacrima
8. Cope's Frog Hydrophylax leptoglossa
9. Crab-eating Frog/Mangrove Frog Fejervarya moodiei
10. Ghosh's Frog/Manipur Frog Euphlyctis ghoshi
11. Giant Gliding Frog Zhangixalus smaragdinus
12. Himalayan Cascade Frog Amolops himalayanus
13. Indian Bullfrog Hoplobatrachus tigerinus
14. Indian Pond Frog Phrynoderma hexadactylum
15. Indian Skittering Frog Euphlyctis cyanophlyctis
16. Indoburman Cascade Frog Amolops indoburmanensis
17. Jerdon's White-lipped Horned Frog Megophrys major
18. Kalasgram Skittering Frog Euphlyctis kalasgramensis
19. Karaavali Pond Frog Phrynoderma karaavali
20. Khare's Gliding Frog Pterorana khare
21. Kerala Pond Frog Phrynoderma kerala
22. Liebig's Frog/Sikkim Paa Frog Nanorana liebigii
23. Littoral Bullfrog Hoplobatrachus litoralis
24. Mawphlang Hill Stream Frog Odorrana mawphlangensis
25. Mokokchung Frog Nanorana mokokchungensis
26. Orissa Frog Fejervarya orissaensis
27. Perching Frog/Six-Lined Tree Frog/Terai tree frog Polypedates teraiensis
28. Senchal Cascade Frog Amolops senchalensis
29. Sikkim Ombrana Ombrana sikimensis
30. Terai Wart Frog Minervarya teraiensis
31. Twin-spotted Tree Frog Rhacophorus bipunctatus
32. Yellow-spotted White-lipped Horned Frog Megophrys flavipunctata
PART E : FISHES
No. Common Names Scientific Name
RAYS
1. Sicklefin Devil Ray Mobula tarapacana
2. Mottled Eagle Ray Aetomylaeus maculatus
3. Ocellate Eagle Ray Aetomylaeus milvus
4. Ornate Eagle Ray Aetomylaeus vespertilio
SHARKS
5. Great Hammerhead Sphyrna mokarran
6. Oceanic Whitetip Shark Carcharhinus longimanus
7. Smooth Hammerhead Sphyrna zygaena
8. Winghead Shark Eusphyra blochii
SNAKEHEADS
9. Barca snakehead Channa barca
10. Gollum snakehead Aenigmachanna gollum
PART F : MOLLUSCA
No. Common Name Scientific Name
CONCHES
1. Chiragra Spider Conch Harpago arthriticus
2. Harpago Spider Conch Harpago chiragra
3. Milleped Spider Conch Lambis millepeda
4. Orange Spider Conch Lambis crocata
5. Scorpio Spider Conch Lambis scorpius
6. Sibald's Conch Dolomena plicata sibbaldii
7. Trapezium Horse Conch Pleuroploca trapezium
8. Truncate Spider Conch Lambis truncata
COWRIES
9. Limacina Cowrie Staphylaea limacina
10. Map Cowrie Leporicypraea mappa
11. Mole Cowrie Talparia talpa
OYSTERS
12. Windowpane Oyster Placuna placenta
TOP SHELLS
13. Commercial Top Shell Tectus niloticus
TURBANS
14. Green Turban Turbo marmoratus
VOLUTES
15. Vaxillate Volute/Gold Banded Volute Harpulina arausiaca
PART G: ARTHROPODS (OTHER THAN INSECTS)
No. Common Name Scientific Name
CRABS
1. Indo-Pacific Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus gigas
2. Mangrove Horseshoe Crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda
SPIDERS
3. Anantagiri Parachute Spider Poecilotheria tigrinawesseli
4. Bengal Ornamental/Chota Nagpur Parachute Spider Poecilotheria miranda
5. Indian Ornamental Spider/Regal Parachute Spider Poecilotheria regalis
6. Mysore Ornamental Spider/Striated Parachute Spider Poecilotheria striata
7. Peacock Tarantula/Gooty Ornamental tarantula Poecilotheria metallica
8. Rameswaram Ornamental Tarantula Poecilotheria
/Rameshwaram Parachute Spider hanumavilasumica
9. Red Slate Ornamental Tarantula Poecilotheria rufilata
10. Salem Ornamental Tarantula Poecilotheria Formosa
PART H: BUTTERFLIES (LEPIDOPTERA)
No. Common Name Scientific Name
FAMILY HESPERIIDAE
1. Indian Ace Halpe homolea
2. Orange-tailed Awlet Badamia sena
FAMILY LYCAENIDAE
3. Albocerulean Udara albocaerulea
4. Assam Pierrot Tarucus waterstradti
5. Banded Royal Eliotiana jalindra
6. Barred Lineblue Prosotas aluta
7. Bhutya Lineblue Prosotas bhutea
8. Black Cupid Tongeia kala
9. Black-branded Royal Tajuria culta
10. Blue Darkie Allotinus subviolaceus
11. Blue Gem Poritia erycinoides
12. Blue Quaker Pithecops fulgens
13. Blue Tit Chliaria kina
14. Branded Royal Tajuria melastigma
15. Branded Yamfly Yasoda tripunctata
16. Broad Spark Sinthusa chandrana
17. Brown Tit Hypolycaena theclodies nicobarica
18. Cerulean Hairstreak Neozephyrus suroia
19. Chestnut-and-black Royal Tajuria yajna
20. Chinese Royal Tajuria luculenta
21. Chocolate Royal Remelana jangala
22. Chumbi Green Underwing Patricius younghusbandi
23. Common Gem Poritia hewitsord
24. Common Tinsel Catapoecilma major
25. Dark Blue Royal Pratapa icetas mishmia
26. Dark Mottle Logania distanti
27. Dark Tinsel Acupicta delicatum
28. de Niceville's Dull Oakblue Amblypodia agrata
29. Dull Green Hairstreak Esakiozephyrus icana
30. Dusky Bushblue Arhopala paraganesa
31. Dusky Meadow Blue Alpherakya devanica
32. Elwes' Silverline Spindasis elwesi
33. Falcate Oakblue Mahathala ameria
34. Felder's Lineblue Catopyrops ancyra
35. Frosted Cerulean Jamides kankena
36. Glazed Oakblue Arhopala paralea
37. Great Spotted Blue Phengaris atroguttata
38. Green Flash Artipe eryx
39. Green Sapphire Helipphorus androcles
40. Hampson's Hedge Blue Acytolepis lilacea
41. Hedge Cupid Bothrinia chenneili
42. Hewitson's Dull Oakblue Arhopala oenea
43. Indigo Flash Rapala varuna
44. Jakama Hair streak Shirozuozephyrus jakamensis
45. Kabru Green Hairstreak Chrysozephyrus kabrua
46. Khaki Silverline Spindasis rukmini
47. Kirbari Hairstreak Shirozuozephyrus kirbariensis
48. Large Fourlineblue Nacaduba pactolus
49. Lilac Oakblue Arhopala camdeo
50. Lilac Oakblue Arhopala camdeo
51. Lilac Silverline Apharitis lilacinus
52. Lister's Hairstreak Pamela dudgeonii
53. Long-banded Silverline Spindasis lohita
54. Malayan Magisba malaya
55. Many-tailed Oakblue Thaduka multicaudata
56. Metallic Cerulean Jamides alecto
57. Metallic Hedge Blue Callenya melaena
58. Moore's Cupid Shijimia moorei
59. Naga Saphire Heliophorus kohimensis
60. Narrow Spark Sinthusa nasaka
61. Nilgiri Tit Hypolycaena nilgirica
62. Pale Bushblue Arhopala aberrans
63. Pale Fourlineblue Nacaduba hermus
64. Pale Grand Imperial Neocheritra fabronia
65. Pale Spark Sinthusa virgo
66. Pallid Oakblue Amblypodia alesia
67. Pallid Royal Tajuria albiplaga
68. Peacock Royal Tajuria cippus
69. Plain Plushblue Flos apidanus
70. Plane Bindahara phocides
71. Pointed Ciliate Blue Anthene lycaenina
72. Pointed Lineblue Ionolyce helicon
73. Pointed Pierrot Niphanda cymbia
74. Powdered Green Hairstreak Chrysozephyrus zoa
75. Red Imperial Suasa lisides
76. Refulgent Flash Rapala refulgens
77. Royal Cerulean Jamides caeruleus
78. Scarce Shot Silverline Spindasis elima
79. Scarce Silverstreak Blue Iraota rochana
80. Scarce Slate Flash Rapala scintilla
81. Shot Flash Rapala buxaria
82. Silver Hairstreak Inomataozephyrus syla
83. Silver Royal Ancema blanka
84. Silver grey Silverline Spindasis nipalicus
85. Silver-Streaked Acacia Blue Zinaspa todara
86. Small Green Underwing Albulina metallica
87. Spotless Oakblue Arhopala fulla
88. Spotted Pierrot Tarucus callinara
89. Straight Pierrot Caleta roxus
90. Straightline Royal Tajuria diaeus
91. Straightwing Blue Orthomiella pontis
92. Sylhet Oakblue Arhopala silhetensis
93. Tailless Bushblue Amblypodia ganesa
94. Tailless Lineblue Prosotas dubiosa
95. Tailless Metallic Green Hairstreak Shirozuozephyrus khasia
96. Tailless Phishblue Flos areste
97. Tamil Oakblue Arhopala bazaloides
98. Truncate Imperial Cheritrella truncipennis
99. Tytler's Green Hairstreak Chrysozephyrus vittatus
100. Tytler's Lascar Pantoporia bieti paona
101. Tytler's Rosy Oakblue Arhopala allata suffusa
102. Una Una usta
103. Uncertain Royal Tajuria ister
104. Violet Onyx Horaga onyx
105. Violet Onyx Horaga albimacula
106. White Cerulean Jamides pura
107. White Royal Pratapa deva
108. White Royal Tajuria illurgioides
109. White Royal Tajuria illurgis
110. White-spotted Hairstreak Shizuyaozephyrus ziha
111. White-tipped Lineblue Prosotas noreia
112. Witch Araotes lapithis
113. Wonderful Hairstreak Thermozephyrus ataxus zulla
FAMILY NYMPHALIDAE
114. Autumn Leaf Doleschallia bisaltide
115. Bamboo Treebrown Lethe europa
116. Banded Marquis Euthalia teuta
117. Black Rajah Charaxes solon
118. Blackvein Sergeant Athyma ranga
119. Blue Duchess Euthalia duda
120. Blue Forester Lethe scanda
121. Blue Oakleaf Kallima horsfteldi
122. Blue-tailed Jester Symbrenthia niphanda
123. Branded Evening Brown Cyllogenes suradeva
124. Broad-banded Sailer Neptis sankara
125. Broadstick Sailer Neptis narayana
126. Bronze Duke Euthalia nara
127. Brown Argus Ypthima hyagriva
128. Brown Forester Lethe serbonis
129. Brown Prince Rohana parvata
130. Chestnut-streaked Sailer Neptis jumbah
131. China Nawab Polyura narcaeus
132. Chinese Bushbrown Mycalesis gotama
133. Chinese Yellow Sailer Neptis cydippe kirbariensis
134. Clear Sailer Neptis clinia
135. Clipper Parthenos sylvia
136. Comma Polygonia c-album
137. Commodore Auzakia danava
138. Common Archduke Lexias pardalis jadeitina
139. Common Baron Euthalia aconthea
140. Common Beak Libythea lepita
141. Common Forester Lethe insana
142. Common Nawab Polyura athamas
143. Courtesan Euripus nyctelius
144. Creamy Sailer Neptis soma
145. Danaid Eggfly Hypolimnas misippus
146. Dark Archduke Lexias dirtea
147. Dark Baron Euthalia merta
148. Dark Forester Lethe brisanda
149. Dark Forester Lethe goalpara
150. De Niceville's Bushbrown Mycalesis misenus
151. Desert Fourring Ypthima bolanica
152. Dot-dash Sergeant Athyma kanwa
153. Dusky Labyrinth Neope yama
154. Eastern Fivering Ypthima similis
155. False Comma Polygonia l-album
156. Freak Calinaga buddha
157. French Duke Euthalia franciae
158. Grand Duchess Euthalia patala
159. Great Archduke Lexias cyanipardus
160. Great Evening Brown Melanitis zitenius
161. Great Sergeant Athyma larymna
162. Great Yellow Sailer Neptis radha
163. Grey Baron Euthalia anosia
164. Grey Commodore Bhagadatta austenia
165. Grey Count Cynitia lepidea
166. Highbrown Silverspot Argynnis jainadeva
167. Jewelled Nawab Polyura delphis
168. Jezabel Palmfly Elymnias vasudeva
169. Large Tawny Wall Raphicera satricus
170. Lavender Count Cynitia cocytus
171. Lepcha Bushbrown Mycalesis lepcha
172. Long-branded Blue Crow Euploea algea
173. Malabar Tree Nymph Idea malabarica
174. Manipur Goldenfork Lethe kabrua
175. ManipurWoodbrown Lethe kanjupkula
176. Many-tufted Bushbrown Mycaleisis mystes
177. Marbled Map Cyrestis codes
178. Moeller's Silverfork Lethe moelteri
179. Mongol Araschnia prorsoides dohertyi
180. Moore's Bushbrown Mycalesis heri
181. Mountain Silverspot Issoria altissima
182. Naga Treebrown Lethe naga
183. Painted Courtesan Euripus consimilis
184. Pale Forester Lethe latiaris
185. Pale Green Sailer Neptis zaida
186. Pale Hockeystick Sailer Neptis manasa manasa
187. Pallid Argus Cailerebia scanda
188. Panther Neurosigma siva
189. Pasha Herona marathus
190. Plain Bushbrown Mycalesis tnalsarida
191. Plain Tbxeering Ypthima lycus
192. Queen of Spain Fritillary Issoria lathonia
193. Red Lacewing Cethosia biblis
194. Red-spot Duke Euthalia evelina
195. Ringed Argus Cailerebia annada
196. Scarce Blue Oakleaf Kallima knyvetti
197. Scarce Evening Brown Cyllogenes janetae
198. Scarce Mountain Argus Erebia kalinda kalinda
199. Scarce Red Forester Lethe distans
200. Scarce Tawny Rajah Charaxes aristogiton
201. Scarce Wall Lasiommata maerula
202. Scarce Woodbrown Lethe siderea
203. Sergeant Emperor Mimathyma chevana
204. Shandur Rockbrown Chazara heydenreichi
205. Short-banded Sailer Phaedyma columella
206. Silverstreak Argynnis clara
207. Siren Hestina persimilis
208. Small Goldenfork Lethe atkinsoni
209. Small Leopard Phalanta alcippe
210. Small Silverfork Lethe jalaurida
211. Small Woodbrown Lethe nicetella
212. Sordid Emperor Chitona sordida
213. Spotted Blue Crow Euploea midamus
214. Spotted Mystic Lethe tristigmata
215. Spotted Palmfly Elymnias malelas
216. Spotted Sailer Neptis magadh khasiana
217. Stately Nawab Polyura dolon
218. Striped Ringlet Ragadia crisilda
219. Studded Sergeant Pantoporia asura
220. Tailed Red Forester Lethe sinorix
221. Tamil Catseye Zipotis saitis
222. Tamil Lacewing Cethosia nietneri
223. Tawny Rajah Charaxes bemardus
224. Tibetan Jewel Blue Phengaris eversmanni
225. Tibetan Satyr Oeneis buddha
226. Travancore Evening Brown Parantirrhoea marshalli
227. Treble Silverstripe Lethe baladeva
228. Unbroken Sergeant Athymapravara
229. Variegated Fivering Ypthima methora
230. Variegated Rajah Charaxes kahruba
231. Variegated Sailer Neptis armandia
232. Veined Labyrinth Lethe pulaha
233. Watson's Bushbrown Mycalesis adamsoni
234. Wavy Maplet Chersonesia intermedia
235. White Commodore Parasarpa dudu
236. White Oakleaf Kallima albofasciata
237. White Owl Neorina patria
238. Whitebar Bushbrown Mycalesis anoxias
239. White-edged Bushbrown Mycalesis mestra
240. White-edged Woodbrown Lethe visrava
241. White-ringed Meadowbrown Hyponephele davendra
242. Wizard Rhinopalpa polynice
243. Wood-Mason's Bushbrown Mycalesis suaveolens
244. Yellow Argus Paralasa mani
245. Yellow Kaiser Penthema lisarda
246. Yellow Owl Neorina hilda
247. Yellow Rajah Charaxes marmax
248. Yellowjack Sailer Lasippa viraja nar
FAMILY PAPILIONIDAE
249: Andaman Mormon Papilio mayo
250. Blue-striped Mime Papilio slateri
251. Brown Gorgon Meandrusa lachinus
252. Chain Swordtail Graphium aristeus
253. Chinese Windmill Byasa plutonius
254. Common Banded Peacock Papilio crino
255. Common Bluebottle Graphium sarpedon
256. Common Mime Chilasa clytia
257. Common Red Apollo Parnassius epaphus
258. Common Yellow Swallowtail Papilio machaon
259. Crimson Rose Pachliopta hector
260. Fourbar Swordtail Graphium agetes
261. Glassy Bluebottle Graphium cloanthus
262. Golden Birdwing Troides aeacus aeacus
263. Great Blue Mime Papilio paradoxa
264. Great Jay Graphium eurypylus
265. Green Dragontail Lamproptera meges virescens
266. Keeled Apollo Parassius jacquemonti
267. Lesser Mime Papilio epycides
268. Malabar Banded Peacock Papilio buddha
269. Regal Apollo Parnassius charltonius
270. Rose Windmill Byasa latreillei
271. Scarce Jay Graphium albociliatis
272. Southern Birdwing Troides minos
273. Spotted Jay Graphium arycles
274. Spotted Zebra Graphium megarus
275. Tailed Redbreast Papilio bootes
FAMILY PIERIDAE
276. Bhutan Blackvein Aporia harrietae
277. Blue Nawab Appias wardii
278. Broadwing Jezabel Delias lativitta
279. Chocolate Albatross Appias lyncida
280. Common Albatross Appias albina
281. Dusky Blackvein Aporia nabellica
282. Fiery Clouded Yellow Colias eogene
283. Kashmir White Pier is deota
284. Ladak Clouded Yellow Colias ladakensis
285. Lesser Bath White Pontia chloridice
286. Lesser Gull Cepora nadina
287. One-spot Grass Yellow Eurema andersoni
288. Orange Clouded Yellow Colias stoliczkana
289. Pale Wanderer Pareronia avatar
290. Plain Puffin Appias indra
291. Plain Sulphur Dercas lycorias
FAMILY RIODINIDAE
292. Lesser Punch Dodona dipoea
293. Orange Punch Dodona egeon
294. Straight Plum Judy Abisara kausambi
295. Striped Punch Dodona adonira
PART I: PORIFERA
No. Common Name Scientific name
1. Sponges All species of the Class Calcarea]
Schedule III
(See Chapter III-A and Sections 50, 51, 54 and 57)
SPECIFIED PLANTS
Sl. No. Scientific Name Common Name
1 Strobilanthes kunthianus Neel kurinji
2 Coptis teeta Gold threat, Mishmi teeta
3 Coscinium fenestration Tree turmeric
4 Taxus wallichiana Common yew
5 Vanda coerulea Blue vanda
6 Nepenthes khasiana Pitcher plant
7 Renanthera imschootiana Red vanda
8 Cycas spp.
9 Ceropegias spp.
10 Aenhenrya rotundifolia
11 Odontochilus grandiflorus
12 Odontochiluste trapterus
13 Rhomboda pulchra
14 Vrydagzynea viridiflora
15 Zeuxine andamanica
16 Ipsea malabarica Daffodil orchid
17 Habenaria barnesii
18 Podophyllum hexandrum Indian podohyllum
19 Dolomiaea costus Kuth]
Schedule IV
(See Chapter VB and Sections 39, 50, 51, 54, 57)
Interpretation
1. Species included in these Appendices are referred to:
(a) by the name of the species; or
(b) as being all of the species included in a higher taxon or designated part thereof.
2. The abbreviation “spp.” is used to denote all species of a higher taxon.
3. Other references to taxa higher than species are for the purposes of information or classification only.
The common names included after the scientific names of families are for reference only. They are intended to indicate the species within the family concerned that are included in the Appendices. In most cases this is not all of the species within the family.
4. The following abbreviations are used for plant taxa below the level of species:
(a) “ssp.” is used to denote subspecies; and
(b) “var(s).” is used to denote variety (varieties).
5. As none of the species or higher taxa of FLORA included in Appendix I is annotated to the effect that its hybrids shall be treated in accordance with the provisions of Article III of the Convention, this means that artificially propagated hybrids produced from one or more of these species or taxa may be traded with a certificate of artificial propagation, and that seeds and pollen (including pollinia), cut flowers, seedling or tissue cultures obtained in vitro, in solid or liquid media, transported in sterile containers of these hybrids are not subject to the provisions of the Convention.
6. The names of the countries in parentheses placed against the names of species in Appendix III are those of the Parties submitting these species for inclusion in this Appendix.
7. When a species is included in one of the Appendices, the whole, live or dead, animal or plant is included. In addition, for animal species listed in Appendix III and plant species listed in Appendix II or III, all parts and derivatives of the species are also included in the same Appendix unless the species is annotated to indicate that only specific parts and derivatives are included. The symbol # followed by a number placed against the name of a species or higher taxon included in Appendix II or III refers to a footnote that indicates the parts or derivatives of animals or plants that are designated as ‘specimens’ subject to the provisions of the Convention in accordance with Article I, paragraph (b), subparagraph (ii) or (iii). Numbers not preceded by a # symbol placed against the name of a species or higher taxon refer to a footnote that indicates specific conditions or restrictions that are applicable to trade of such species or higher taxon under the Convention.
8. The terms and expressions below, used in annotations in these Appendices, are defined as follows:
Extract
Any substance obtained directly from plant material by physical or chemical means regardless of the manufacturing process. An extract may be solid (e.g. crystals, resin, fine or coarse particles), semi-solid (e.g. gums, waxes) or liquid (e.g. solutions, tinctures, oil and essential oils).
Finished musical instruments
A musical instrument (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs
Organization, Chapter 92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) that is ready to play or needs only the installation of parts to make it playable. This term includes antique instruments (as defined by the Harmonized System codes 97.05 and 97.06; Works of art, collectors' pieces and antiques).
Finished musical instrument accessories
A musical instrument accessory (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs
Organization, Chapter 92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) that is separate from the musical instrument, and is specifically designed or shaped to be used explicitly in association with an instrument, and that requires no further modification to be used.
Finished musical instrument parts
A part (as referenced by the Harmonized System of the World Customs Organization, Chapter
92; musical instruments, parts and accessories of such articles) of a musical instrument that is ready to install and is specifically designed and shaped to be used explicitly in association with the instrument to make it playable.
Finished products packaged and ready for retail trade
Products, shipped singly or in bulk, requiring no further processing, packaged, labelled for final use or the retail trade in a state fit for being sold to or used by the general public.
Powder
A dry, solid substance in the form of fine or coarse particles.
Shipment
Cargo transported under the terms of a single bill of lading or air waybill, irrespective of the quantity or number of containers, packages, or pieces worn, carried or included in personal baggage.
Ten (10) kg per shipment
For the term “10 kg per shipment”, the 10 kg limit should be interpreted as referring to the weight of the individual portions of each item in the shipment made of wood of the species concerned. In other words, the 10 kg limit is to be assessed against the weight of the individual portions of wood of Dalbergia/Guibourtia species contained in each item of the shipment, rather than against the total weight of the shipment.
Transformed wood
Defined by Harmonized System code 44.09 : Wood (including strips, friezes for parquet flooring, not assembled), continuously shaped (tongued, grooved, v-jointed, beaded or the like) along any edges, ends or faces, whether or not planed, sanded or end-jointed.
Woodchips
Wood that has been reduced to small pieces.]